Jamaica’s Crime Strategies Protect Offenders Rather Than Their Victims…

If you leave Harbor View intend­ing to reach Morant Point but trav­el west instead of east, you may even­tu­al­ly arrive, but the jour­ney will take far longer than nec­es­sary. The rea­son is sim­ple: the short­est dis­tance between two points is a straight line. While it is not always easy to take the most direct path, that does not jus­ti­fy wast­ing time and resources by mov­ing in cir­cles. This anal­o­gy applies direct­ly to Jamaica’s approach to crime.

Recently, there has been yet anoth­er shake-up with­in the upper ranks of the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF). Coincidentally — or per­haps not — this comes at a time when vio­lent crime is increas­ing across the island, includ­ing with­in the Kingston Metropolitan Area. According to the Jamaica Observer, 11 of the island’s 19 police divi­sions have record­ed more mur­ders than last year. Kingston Central has seen a 100 per­cent increase, ris­ing from eight mur­ders to 16, while Manchester has expe­ri­enced a 90 per­cent increase, from 10 to 19 mur­ders. Islandwide, there have been 675 mur­ders so far this year, four more than the 671 record­ed over the same peri­od last year. Other seri­ous crimes — such as shoot­ings and aggra­vat­ed assault — have also increased. Rape is the only major cat­e­go­ry show­ing a decline com­pared to 2018. There have been 660 report­ed shoot­ings so far this year, an 11 per­cent increase over 2018, and 183 cas­es of aggra­vat­ed assault, mar­gin­al­ly high­er than last year’s fig­ure. Meanwhile, 257 rape cas­es were record­ed in the first six months of the year, slight­ly below the 263 report­ed dur­ing the same peri­od in 2018.
I will return to the Manchester Police Division lat­er, as it is par­tic­u­lar­ly rel­e­vant to this dis­cus­sion. A clear and con­sis­tent pat­tern emerges from these sta­tis­tics: despite fluc­tu­a­tions, crime in Jamaica con­tin­ues to rise. It may not increase in a straight upward line, but the over­all trend is unmistakable.

As sug­gest­ed ear­li­er, crime is increas­ing­ly out of con­trol, even if its growth is uneven. Over the years, there have been count­less police reshuf­fles, trans­fers, and changes in lead­er­ship — includ­ing repeat­ed changes at the lev­el of Commissioner of Police. Ministers of National Security have also come and gone, each becom­ing anoth­er casu­al­ty of this seem­ing­ly untam­able problem.

In this con­stant reshuf­fling, many capa­ble pub­lic ser­vants have had their careers ques­tioned — not because they lacked abil­i­ty, but because the coun­try con­tin­ues to approach crime in fun­da­men­tal­ly the wrong way. The police high com­mand has nev­er func­tioned as a tru­ly cohe­sive unit. This is large­ly due to its rigid, top-down struc­ture. Orders are issued from the top and car­ried out by sub­or­di­nates who are dis­cour­aged from offer­ing inde­pen­dent thought or pro­fes­sion­al input. Political direc­tives — often devel­oped with lit­tle prac­ti­cal polic­ing insight — fil­ter down through this hier­ar­chy. Such an auto­crat­ic envi­ron­ment sti­fles crit­i­cal think­ing and encour­ages robot­ic com­pli­ance. It also fos­ters unhealthy com­pe­ti­tion, inter­nal pol­i­tics, and careerism, as offi­cers jock­ey for advance­ment. In this atmos­phere, gen­uine prob­lem-solv­ing becomes a casu­al­ty. This is not to say that capa­ble thinkers do not exist with­in the gazetted ranks. They do. However, the sys­tem is hos­tile to inde­pen­dent thought and pro­motes group­think instead. Officers who know what might work are often pow­er­less to act, con­strained by poli­cies they rec­og­nize as inef­fec­tive. Many parish com­man­ders are com­pe­tent and ded­i­cat­ed, but they lack both the author­i­ty and the resources to imple­ment mean­ing­ful solutions.

Manchester is a prime exam­ple. The divi­sion is led by an excel­lent com­mand­ing offi­cer, Superintendent Wayne Cameron, and there are oth­er com­man­ders across the island doing their best with­in a flawed sys­tem. Despite their efforts, crime in their divi­sions con­tin­ues to rise. Jamaica’s approach to crime requires a com­plete trans­for­ma­tion. I have said this repeat­ed­ly because it remains true. Our strat­e­gy resem­bles the way the United States approach­es health­care — spend­ing enor­mous sums on treat­ment rather than pre­ven­tion. In much the same way, Jamaica prac­tices “crime care” instead of crime pre­ven­tion. The cur­rent strat­e­gy is offend­er-focused rather than vic­tim-focused. We pri­or­i­tize the rights and com­forts of accused and con­vict­ed crim­i­nals over the rights of vic­tims and their fam­i­lies. Politicians, so-called experts, and an expand­ing crim­i­nal-rights lob­by con­tin­u­ous­ly dic­tate what law enforce­ment can­not do, regard­less of the bru­tal­i­ty of the crimes involved. Suspects must be brought before a judge quick­ly or released. Even those charged with mur­der are often grant­ed bail. If tri­als are delayed, senior offi­cials open­ly argue for cas­es — even mur­der cas­es — to be dis­missed. Once con­vict­ed, inmates are allowed extra­or­di­nary free­doms, includ­ing access to cell phones, the abil­i­ty to run crim­i­nal enter­pris­es from prison, intim­i­date wit­ness­es, and even con­tin­ue record­ing and dis­trib­ut­ing vio­lent music.

Every con­sid­er­a­tion is extend­ed to offend­ers, while vic­tims and sur­viv­ing fam­i­lies are large­ly ignored. This empha­sis must be reversed. Efforts should instead focus on pro­tect­ing poten­tial vic­tims through enhanced polic­ing sup­port­ed by stronger leg­is­la­tion. This includes longer sen­tences for vio­lent offend­ers, truth-in-sen­tenc­ing laws that lim­it judi­cial dis­cre­tion for cer­tain crimes, and bet­ter train­ing and pay for police offi­cers to reduce cor­rup­tion. The INDECOM Act should be repealed or seri­ous­ly recal­i­brat­ed to include mea­sures to cur­tail that agen­cy’s abil­i­ty to speak out about per­ceived police excess­es instead of inves­ti­gat­ing them. INDECOM’s resources should be reduced, with the pro­ceeds redi­rect­ed toward train­ing and equip­ping the police. Police account­abil­i­ty mech­a­nisms should be restored, staffed by knowl­edge­able, impar­tial indi­vid­u­als who under­stand polic­ing and are free of per­son­al or polit­i­cal agen­das. Finally, there must be a sus­tained pub­lic edu­ca­tion cam­paign — using gov­ern­ment media such as the JIS — to improve pub­lic under­stand­ing of laws and civic respon­si­bil­i­ty. One of the great­est chal­lenges fac­ing the police is wide­spread igno­rance of legal oblig­a­tions and an increas­ing­ly opin­ion­at­ed but ill-informed pop­u­la­tion. This prob­lem has been ignored for decades, pro­duc­ing gen­er­a­tions who do not under­stand their respon­si­bil­i­ties, par­tic­u­lar­ly when inter­act­ing with law enforce­ment. Until Jamaica stops cir­cling the prob­lem and choos­es a direct path, crime will con­tin­ue to out­run us.