Adversity The Mother Of Invention;Can’t Is For Losers.…

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Yesterday I spoke to the glar­ing holes in the secu­ri­ty which was in place at the two mas­sive Political ral­lies held in Half-Way-Tree Square and Sam Sharpe Square by the two major polit­i­cal par­ties respectively.
Though my Article was harsh­ly crit­i­cal of the police it was not meant to degrade or demean the Agency I spent 10 years of my life in. It was intend­ed to give the Agency an oppor­tu­ni­ty to think out­side the box com­men­su­rate with the changed and ever chang­ing times.
To my many friends who feel betrayed by my crit­i­cisms , there is such a thing as “con­struc­tive crit­i­cism” , the type you get from your real friends.
RALLY’S SHOOTING EXPOSES WEAKNESS IN ABILITY OF POLICE TO PROVIDE REAL SECURITY..

In the Article I laid out what I thought would be the required amount of offi­cers to ade­quate­ly secure the safe­ty of the peo­ple and can­di­dates at either ral­lies as well as to secure busi­ness­es and oth­er pri­vate prop­er­ty with­ing the envi­rons of the venues.
That num­ber was a thou­sand offi­cers under the com­mand of at least one Deputy Commissioner of Police who under­stand logis­tics, crowd con­trol as well as oth­er secu­ri­ty issues which are like­ly to emerge in sit­u­a­tions where large amounts of peo­ple are gath­ered together.
The plan includ­ed a call for cops on horse-back which are ter­rif­ic at crowd con­trol. It also called for offi­cers with canines which are tremen­dous val­ue assets , par­tic­u­lar­ly where crowd com­pli­ance is a necessity.
I made those rec­om­men­da­tions against the back­ground of the basic prin­ci­ples of the Jamaica Constabulary Force’s own mis­sion statement.
(1) Protection of life and Property.
(2) Preservation of Peace and Good Order.
(3) Prevention and detec­tion of crime.

In 1982 when I entered the Academy the mis­sion state­ment of the JCF was as I pre­sent­ed it above. Nowadays the JCF says this is it’s mis­sion statement.
The Mission of the Jamaica Constabulary Force and its Auxiliaries is to Serve, Protect and Reassure the peo­ple in Jamaica through the deliv­ery of impar­tial and pro­fes­sion­al Services aimed at main­te­nance of law and order, pro­tec­tion of life and prop­er­ty, pre­ven­tion and detec­tion of crime and the preser­va­tion of peace.
Same thing right?
Well pret­ty much, just a lit­tle more wordy, in the end it remains the same.

I ask you my read­ers to remem­ber this mis­sion state­ment as you digest the remain­der of what I will present to you .
By the Constabulary’s own num­bers the offi­cial JCF staff num­bers in 2011 was 9,930 plus 55 aux­il­iary posi­tions, mak­ing a total of 9,985; its cur­rent strength (as of 2011) is 8,441. Since then the JCF and it’s Auxillary ISCF has merged adding rough­ly anoth­er 2’000 offi­cers to the ranks of the JCF.
What I found incred­i­ble was the push-back I received most­ly from for­mer mem­bers of the JCF who were intent on telling me what can­not be accom­plished, large­ly because they can­not per­ceive it.
One of the rea­sons I dropped every­thing and walked away from the JCF was not nec­es­sar­i­ly because the pay was shit­ty. It was pri­mar­i­ly because I real­ized that based on exist­ing atti­tudes the Force as a ser­vice deliv­er enti­ty had no real plan to change or to grow into an agency which deliv­ers on it’s promise.

I real­ized from my van­tage point then that if I stayed for anoth­er hun­dred years the lev­el of con­tri­bu­tion I would be able to make would me neg­li­gi­ble exact­ly because of exist­ing mindsets.
Literally every­one who pushed back against my sug­ges­tions talked about why it can’t be done. Why we should adjust our think­ing to the sit­u­a­tion as it is,rather than how it should be.
Unfortunately I nev­er believed in accept­ing fail­ure as accept­able. Things gets changed by peo­ple will­ing to think and act out­side the box.
Adversity is the moth­er of inven­tion, not a rea­son to pick up the ball and go home because it’s too hard.
I was nev­er com­fort­able wal­low­ing in the mud of medi­oc­rity because it’s easy . I believe in get­ting down in the mud and fight­ing to make a dif­fer­ence, fight­ing for change. Real change is nev­er easy. It has to be earned.
The JCF has no truer friend than me but I would not be a real friend was I to accept that the lev­el of ser­vice being deliv­ered by the agency was val­ue for money.

IT CAN’T BE DONE THEY SAY” 

The police can­not change the fact that many with­in the lead­er­ship of the Government and Opposition par­ty are in bed with Jamaica’s most dan­ger­ous criminals.
But the Police can exem­pli­fy it’s ser­vice by inves­ti­gat­ing and plac­ing crim­i­nals before the courts regard­less of their sta­tion. There is noth­ing in the JCF Act which places any Jamaican above the law.
When the Police fail to inves­ti­gate and arrest politi­cians with ties to crim­i­nals it embold­ens every­one to dis­re­gard the laws. So whether the crim­i­nal is in Kings House , Jamaica House , or any oth­er House, if they break the law the police must enforce the laws.
Recently the com­mis­sion­er called for mem­bers to avoid sid­ing with any polit­i­cal par­ty . The com­mis­sion­er threat­ened rank and file mem­bers with inter­dic­tion and sus­pen­sion if they are caught engag­ing in politicking.
I ask the com­mis­sion­er ? “what is the penal­ty for the fail­ure of the high com­mand to Investigate crim­i­nals in posi­tions of pow­er”?

The police can­not change the fact that the Governing PNP and to a less­er extent the Opposition JLP has lit­er­al­ly turned the coun­try into spe­cif­ic yet sep­a­rate lit­tle zones of polit­i­cal exclusions.
But the Police can remain neu­tral so that when they are forced to take action they are not accused of partiality.
The Police can­not change that the sys­tem put in place by both polit­i­cal par­ties cre­at­ed and con­tin­ue to cre­ate pow­er­ful above the law gang­sters who deliv­er votes.
But the Police can use their cra­ni­ums to inves­ti­gate, entrap and ensnare these hood­lums and their polit­i­cal patrons , place them before the courts or bring jus­tice to them somehow.
The police can­not pass laws.
However the police has with­in it’s pow­er the abil­i­ty to impact leg­is­la­tion, much small­er groups have had incred­i­bly influ­ence on leg­is­la­tion> The (indecom)Act is a good example.

Jamaica may be a crim­i­nal paradise .
The police does not have to engage in crim­i­nal conduct.
The depart­ment may be stretched as some have suggested .
Jamaicans under­stand force and strength, putting less than ade­quate amounts of offi­cers to cov­er an event places offi­cers lives at risk it serves no use­ful pur­pose except as win­dow dressing.

The police may not be able to get every weapon being smug­gled into a venue .
But there should be no cir­cum­stances in which sev­er­al peo­ple are shot in a venue where the police is on site yet there are no arrests.
The events of 2010 which the world watched in real time occur­ring in Jamaica should have been a warn­ing and a come-to-Jesus-moment for the ‘self serv­ing politi­cians on both sides.
Police sta­tions burned to the ground. Police offi­cers and civil­ians alike killed . Most pro­found­ly was the coa­lesc­ing of vary­ing fac­tions against the Jamaican state. It required an all out effort using assets from the Military to return the Jamaican state to the elect­ed officials.

Despite rhetoric to the contrary the police have been given many new tools which were not available two decades or even a decade ago
Despite rhetoric to the con­trary the police have been giv­en many new tools which were not avail­able two decades or even a decade ago

Rather than thank the secu­ri­ty Forces the Government went ahead and gave more pow­er to (indecom),the brain­child of Bruce Golding and Criminal Rights lob­by Jamaicans for Justice. No one could argue that the police did not need seri­ous over­sight but (inde­com) is not it. Giving unchecked pow­er to a Napoleonic, ego-mani­a­cal nar­cis­sist is not the way to go about it. That is the anti­dote for empow­er­ing criminals.
Soon (inde­com) will want to search Jamaica Defense Force Headquarters to see whether the mil­i­tary has cer­tain types of ordinances.….
Oh wait !!!!
They already tried that . If this isn’t pop­py-show I don’t know what is?
Oh by the way they crow that police killings are down , true dat, but wait, the mass killing of inno­cent Jamaicans con­tin­ue at a mer­ry clip and is actu­al­ly get­ting worse >
So as far as the (inde­com) Act is con­cerned, “Mission accom­plished”

Rather than invest in the secu­ri­ty appa­ra­tus of the Island the PNP gov­ern­ment ever the anti-police Administration decid­ed to con­vene an Inquiry into what hap­pened in Tivoli Gardens in 2010. At the head of that Inquiry is an arro­gant for­eign­er whose sole intent is pos­tur­ing and try­ing to show the Security forces in a bad light.
Did I men­tion the fact that that fias­co is still going on with costs in the hun­dreds of millions?
Of course why not if every PNP can eat a food why not bring in a pompous Bajan rel­ic to eat a food as well?
Additionally well over $100 mil­lion in com­pen­sato­ry dam­ages to the very peo­ple who har­bored and encour­aged a crim­i­nal empire in their com­mu­ni­ty for decades.

Yes every­thing that I heard yes­ter­day about why the police can­not be bet­ter are real argu­ments. My dis­agree­ment with those views is this, despite all of the fore­gone the police can do a bet­ter job. The police has a man­date, remem­ber I asked you to keep the mis­sion state­ment in mind?
Yes the police can be bet­ter despite the ” crim­i­nal sup­port­ing shit-heads” in Jamaica House and Gordon House.
Don’t tell me what can­not be done let’s join hands and hearts and change the par­a­digm, instead of suc­cumb­ing to the nar­ra­tive of can’t.

Jamaica’s Crime Stats Among Highest Worldwide, Despite Reduction

ALTHOUGH all the cat­e­gories of seri­ous and vio­lent crimes have been on a decline local­ly, Jamaica still records some of the high­est crime stats worldwide.

Minister of National Security Peter Bunting made the rev­e­la­tion while speak­ing recent­ly at the launch of the Next GENDERation toolk­it — an ini­tia­tive led by the World Bank to sup­port efforts to stem Jamaica’s epi­dem­ic of vio­lent crimes. Bunting said that despite efforts to curb these num­bers, the Caribbean and Central America con­tin­ue to top the charts in vio­lent crimes, adding that the prob­lem isn’t only one of law enforce­ment. “Violent crime is large­ly a youth-based phe­nom­e­non in terms of the per­pe­tra­tors and in terms of the vic­tims. If I were to look at one of the pri­ma­ry indi­ca­tors of gen­der-based vio­lence, which is rape, and I were to go back five years, we have seen rapes in year to date January at about a third of what they were five years ago,” Bunting said.

“So we’ve seen a 60-odd-per­cent decline in that regard. It has not hap­pened pure­ly by acci­dent’ it has hap­pened by aggres­sive enforce­ment work by agen­cies like CISOCA, OCA, CDA, OCR, and through a lot of the social inter­ven­tion pro­grammes that have been run­ning by a wide range of agen­cies across the society.

But, [though] all the cat­e­gories of seri­ous and vio­lent crimes have been on a decline — a long-term trend — the chal­lenge is we start­ed from such a high lev­el that even when we have cut it in half, it still leaves us with the high­est cat­e­gories world­wide. “Our region unfor­tu­nate­ly, the Caribbean and Central America, is the region with the high­est lev­el of vio­lent crimes in the world. It is real­ly a devel­op­ment imper­a­tive not just for Jamaica, but for the entire region.” The nation­al secu­ri­ty min­is­ter said one con­tribut­ing fac­tor that needs to be addressed in the “most urgent and pro­found way” is the impact of ‘father­less­ness’ on our chil­dren. Bunting, who was quot­ing sta­tis­tics he said he received from Dr Michael Coombs, founder of the National Association of the Family, said that based on research done in the United States, United Kingdom and the Caribbean, father­less chil­dren may be the rea­son for the crime epidemic.

It indi­cates that father­less boys, for exam­ple, that’s 50 per cent of our boys in Jamaica, are 11 times more like­ly to dis­play vio­lent behav­iour, nine times more like­ly to run away from home and become vic­tims or per­pe­tra­tors of crime, twice as like­ly to drop out of school, nine times more like­ly to become gang mem­bers, and six times more like­ly to end up in prison,” he said. Added Bunting: “Fatherless girls are more than twice as like­ly to expe­ri­ence teenage preg­nan­cies and nine times more like­ly to be vic­tims of sex­u­al abuse.” Subsequently, he said mak­ing this one adjust­ment and get­ting fathers involved in the lives of their chil­dren could sig­nif­i­cant­ly cre­ate a shift in the exist­ing social par­a­digm, lead­ing to a phe­nom­e­nal change. Additionally, Bunting said he has recog­nised the influ­ence that gen­der dynam­ics has on vio­lence, and his min­istry has engaged a gen­der spe­cial­ist in phase three of their Citizens Security and Justice Programme to ensure gen­der sen­si­tiv­i­ty and equi­ty in all its inter­ven­tion activities.

We want to ensure that we have a bet­ter under­stand­ing of how the risk of vio­lence affects young men and young women dif­fer­ent­ly and to imple­ment that in our var­i­ous out­reach pro­grammes,” he said. Bunting main­tained that he, along with the Ministry of National Security, is com­mit­ed to work­ing with its part­ners — the world bank, oth­er inter­na­tion­al and mul­ti­lat­er­al part­ners, pri­vate sec­tor and civ­il soci­ety — to change the neg­a­tive social norms that have so deeply scarred many of our young men and young women. Jamaica’s crime stats among high­est world­wide, despite reduction

Rally’s Shooting Exposes Weakness In Ability Of Police To Provide Real Security..

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Ever the para­noid ex-cop I watched both polit­i­cal lead­ers arrive at their respec­tive ral­lies and imme­di­ate­ly I default­ed to my police senses.
Like “Spidey sens­es tin­gling” I thought how easy it would be to actu­al­ly take out either of these two lead­ers if some­one had a mind to.
At a time when there are ter­ror threats and ter­ror­ist threats across the Globe, and with Jamaica’s his­to­ry of polit­i­cal vio­lence what is the think­ing of the can­di­dates and maybe most impor­tant­ly the agency tasked with their protection?

Okay I know many of my for­mer col­leagues are think­ing “Mike these m****r‑f*****s deserve what­ev­er may be com­ing to them”.
I get that but this is less about them and more about the peo­ple and the agency tasked with their protection.
Imagine the vit­ri­olic back-lash if one of these lead­ers is killed because the police fail to have a cohe­sive plan in place to ade­quate­ly pro­tect them.
If the Police can­not ensure that guns do not get into the venue, then can­di­dates should not be arriv­ing in a mass of flesh stand­ing with parts of their bod­ies pro­trud­ing through the rooves of their vehicles.
The police Commissioner and his top brass can­not assume that send­ing some poor­ly trained , poor­ly equipped poor­ly backed up cops to an event ris­es to the lev­el of security.
Security plans must be designed with the com­pli­ance of polit­i­cal can­di­dates who con­form with the dic­tates of the plan. Police does not get to tell politi­cians how to be politi­cians , con­verse­ly politi­cians must con­form to police plans to keep them and oth­ers safe.

As I watched both can­di­dates arrive at their respec­tive ral­ly I won­dered with a smile how in hell a cou­ple of cops hang­ing off the vehi­cle amount to secu­ri­ty for the candidates?
I must admit I was not at all sur­prised that an actu­al shoot­ing could occur in a polit­i­cal meet­ing . I would not have been one bit sur­prised that the leader of one par­ty or the oth­er could have been killed right there.
One of the things I taught my fam­i­ly and to a large extent my wife is nev­er get caught say­ing the things peo­ple say on Television when crim­i­nals strike, “oh I nev­er though some­thing like that could hap­pen here”.
Stuff occur wher­ev­er you give crim­i­nal mind­ed peo­ple the oppor­tu­ni­ty to com­mit crimes.
Leaving a pock­et book in a car will most like­ly leave the own­er with­out a pock­et-book, a car, or at best some cost­ly win­dow repairs.
Why take that chance take the pock­et-book with you or, after mak­ing sure you are not being observed, place the item of worth in the locked trunk of your vehicle.

Sunday February 7th Mass JLP ral­ly in Sam Sharpe Square did not hap­pen upon the Police with­out warn­ing, nei­ther did the PNP’s mass ral­ly in Half-Way-tree square.
I must con­fess that I do not have a copy of the plan the Police had in place to ensure the safe­ty and secu­ri­ty of the can­di­dates and their supporters.
I am also painful­ly aware of the un-dis­ci­plined nature of Jamaicans of both polit­i­cal stripes, par­tic­u­lar­ly when they have a cheer­ing sec­tion and worse when they are oper­at­ing in polit­i­cal groups.
The police should how­ev­er use these very char­ac­ter­is­tics to devel­op work­able plans which leave no ques­tion of who is in charge, as well as keep­ing their charges safe.

The Police had the oppor­tu­ni­ty to devel­op detailed writ­ten plans to ensure the safe­ty of atten­dees to these events as well as to ensure that whomev­er show up with mal-intent are swift­ly apprehended.
Many of my friends would most cer­tain­ly want to know how come I know there was no plan in place?
To those ques­tions I say , on Sunday two peo­ple were killed and oth­ers were injured and no one in cus­tody which is a shock­ing indict­ment on what­ev­er plan or secu­ri­ty appa­ra­tus that they thought they had in place.
Police may not be able to pre­vent every shoot­ing but they damn well can make sure that the shoot­ers will be appre­hend­ed on the spot.
The ques­tion I have for the JCF as a for­mer Jamaican cop is this,“when will the sup­posed more edu­cat­ed more sophis­ti­cat­ed JCf stop being the Barney Fyffe of policing”?
I believe the Police still have bar­ri­ers for crowd con­trol , the police must do a bet­ter job with the lim­it­ed resources it has .
The Commissioner of Police should have had hun­dreds of police offi­cers over a thou­sand even, cops on horse-back, cops with Canines and ele­ments of every prac­ti­cal piece of asset the Police has at it’s dis­pos­al shut­tled in from Kingston into Montego Bay days ahead of the meeting.
The police must set the agen­da , mov­ing atten­dees through bar­ri­ers where they are searched before they are allowed into the gen­er­al area where the crowd would convene .
I real­ly don’t want to hear about mul­ti­ple entry/​egress points .
It is what it is secure it.

Part of the massive crowd of JLP supporters at in Sam Sharpe Square on Sunday.. Observer Photo..
Part of the mas­sive crowd of JLP sup­port­ers at in Sam Sharpe Square on Sunday..
Observer Photo..

Jamaican peo­ple under­stand one lan­guage, that is the lan­guage of force and pow­er. The police demon­strate feck­less­ness and weakness.
I have just about had it with the feck­less­ness of the Police. There is no crit­i­cal think­ing in the police depart­ment from what meets the eyes and what my sources tell me it’s all a damn show.
Every damn per­son com­ing to that event should have been ush­ered through police check­points . If a patron does not want to com­ply he/​she should leave or face arrest .
That means the pad­dy-wag­on should be on stand-by and yes each offi­cer appro­pri­ate­ly armed and issued with plas­tic handcuffs.
The police must accept respon­si­bil­i­ty for what occurred at that meet­ing, I don’t care that a sup­posed crim­i­nal got killed, that is not the impor­tant thing.
What this event laid bare is the incom­pe­tence of the police in secur­ing the patrons and the leader of the Opposition.
The fact that there was no shoot­ing at the PNP event a week ear­li­er is cold com­fort for the police and the Prime Minister.

Republicans Have No Plan For America Except War And More Police Abuse Of Black Citizens..

Bunch of Republican white men running for president. ABC photo.
Bunch of Republican white men run­ning for pres­i­dent.
ABC pho­to.

I hope every black, man, woman and child watch­ing the Republican debates saw the answer of the Republican can­di­dates when they were asked about police killing unarmed black people.
Everyone who respond­ed want­ed to give the police more pow­er and respect.
Everyone ignored the part of the ques­tion which deals with the ille­gal police killings.
As a for­mer police offi­cer I am shocked that none cared enough to talk about dead unarmed citizens.
What they are advo­cat­ing is more of the same.
No regard for the inno­cent loss of life.
The police work for the peo­ple, the peo­ple do not work for the police .
What kind of peo­ple are these who are offer­ing them­selves for leadership.
Any you know what the great­est tragedy is?
Most of the peo­ple who call them­selves my friends or fol­low my posts won’t even take the time to digest this.
If you don’t care why should they care?

RUBIO

For this blog­ger I must admit the only can­di­date I could poten­tial­ly stom­ach in that Republican filed was John Kasich .
I am not a Chris Christie fan but I was lit­er­al­ly cheer­ing Chris Christie’s smack-down of the class-less lit­tle Marco Rubio ‚who once accused President Obama of hav­ing “no class”.
President Obama has had a scan­dal free Administration thus far , some­thing which can­not be said of any Administration in recent mem­o­ry except Jimmy Carter’s.
Rubio mount­ed his pres­i­den­tial cam­paign by attack­ing the pres­i­dent on every issue to the point of being ridicu­lous and dis­re­spect­ful. The strat­e­gy is designed to appear ready for the gen­er­al elec­tion process by appear­ing ready to take on the Democratic Candidate whether Hillary Clinton or Bernie Sanders.
As part of that strat­e­gy Rubio arrived at the debates with a canned attack on Obama which he repeat­ed three times in answer to ques­tions which had noth­ing to do with the rehearsed attack on the president.
Obviously some­one needs to remind the arro­gant lit­tle Rubio that Barack Obama is a twice elect­ed American President , and oh by the way the pres­i­dent is not on any ballot.
Chris Christie exco­ri­at­ed Rubio mak­ing him seem ama­teur­ish and unpre­pared to be president.
I have nev­er before enjoyed a smack-down as I did the Chris Christie smack-down of Rubio.

Two Men Dead, Two Cops Injured In Ferry Gunfight

Investigators at the scene where two of their colleagues were shot and wounded in Ferry District Saint Catherine. Observer photo..
Investigators at the scene where two of their col­leagues were shot and wound­ed in Ferry District Saint Catherine.
Observer pho­to..

POLICE yes­ter­day con­firmed that two men were fatal­ly shot, while two of its mem­bers — a cor­po­ral and a con­sta­ble — were shot and injured and two firearms seized dur­ing a gun­fight in the Ferry dis­trict, St Catherine, on Thursday night. The men were not iden­ti­fied up to late yes­ter­day after­noon. The injured police­men were tak­en to hos­pi­tal where they were admit­ted in sta­ble con­di­tion. According to the police, a 9mm Browning pis­tol and a 9mm Sig Sauer firearm along with sev­er­al rounds of ammu­ni­tion were seized fol­low­ing the shooting.

JLP Cannot Be Pnp-lite…

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Addressing a large crowd in Junction, South East St Elizabeth Thursday night, JLP shad­ow min­is­ter of finance Audley Shaw said the People’s National Party (PNP) has been get­ting a free pass from the media while pro­pos­als of the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) are being sub­ject­ed to rig­or­ous examination.
“I was on an inter­view last night. I said that we can cre­ate 250,000 new jobs in Jamaica. Dem a ques­tion me, how yuh gwine do it. Which sec­tors yuh gwine get it out of,” “When Peter Phillips say him was going to cre­ate 100,000 jobs nobody don’t ask him nut­tin,” . “We are going to trans­form the same Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) … PNP say dem can cre­ate 30,000 … 40,000 jobs, Labour Party say we can cre­ate 75,000 jobs in Business Process Outsourcing,”. “If we can cre­ate near­ly 100,000 jobs in that, we nuh can cre­ate 250,000 in every­thing else? Manufacturing, agri­cul­ture, every­thing else”.

I a am lit­tle dis­s­a­point­ed that Audley Shaw would be talk­ing about Government cre­at­ing jobs. Audley you are try­ing to get back into Gordon House as Minister of Finance. Your argu­ments sounds eeri­ly like a social­ist sell­ing a snake oil mes­sage of Government expansion.
A mar­ket econ­o­my in Jamaica depends on..
(1) Empowering, equip­ping, and pay­ing police.
(2) Crime is reduced.
(3)Eliminate graft, cor­rup­tion and bureaucracy.
(4) Lower taxes.
(5) Investors return with real pri­vate sec­tor jobs.
(6) As investors return keep low­er­ing tax­es but widen­ing the tax net which spur more eco­nom­ic growth.

That is how you cre­ate real jobs in a mar­ket economy.
The method­ol­o­gy Audley Shaw artic­u­lat­ed is exact­ly the way Peter Phillips and the PNP goes about cre­at­ing jobs. That method may pro­duce a few jobs for a while which ulti­mate­ly are not sus­tain­able. You can­not build a sky-scraper with­out a foun­da­tion. With the small­est tremor that build­ing comes crash­ing down.
There is no won­der when a slight wind blows hun­dreds of work­ers are laid off from their jobs in Jamaica because of this kind of thinking.
Unfortunately Shaw seem to have accept­ed that path as a viable path to sus­tain­able job cre­ation which it isn’t.
Neither Government nor the pri­vate sec­tor can cre­ate growth in a chaot­ic soci­ety plagued with bureau­crat­ic incom­pe­tence , high crime, high tax rates, Government cor­rup­tion, and over­all chaos.
I under­stand the ever present lure to appeal to pan­der to the most base desires of vot­ers around elec­tion time. However what the JLP can least afford is to be “PNP-lite”.
Jamaicans know what the PNP is about.
The JLP must be what the JLP always stood for, which is prin­ci­pled eco­nom­ic man­age­ment begin­ning with low crime, which inspires investor confidence.
Eventually Jamaicans will grow tired of the non­sense and show the PNP the door.
When will it happen?
That’s above my pay grade.

Between A Rock And A Hard Place…

The fun­da­men­tal ques­tion which faces the Jamaican elec­torate this time like almost every oth­er elec­tion cycle is whether to go with the Long term mar­ket dri­ven strat­e­gy offered by the Jamaica labor Party .
Or whether to stay with the People’s National Party’s which offers small pork-bar­rel solu­tions which are great at vote get­ting but has dis­as­trous con­se­quences for the econ­o­my in the long run.

Prime Minister Portia Simpson Miller..

Opposition Leader Andrew Holness..
Opposition Leader Andrew Holness..

Leading up to the elec­tions of 2011 there was no IMF agree­ment in place, the Labor Party refused to accept a deal which would break the back of the aver­age Jamaican. Agreeing to a deal would see mon­ey com­ing into the coun­try but with dev­as­tat­ing con­se­quences to work­ing people.
There is no ques­tion as to what might have occurred had the JLP signed a deal the IMF pre­sent­ed to Audley Shaw and company.
We have seen the con­se­quences. ♦ Massive depre­ci­a­tion of the local cur­ren­cy ♦ Massive Price Increases♦ Shortages and cut-backs of goods and ser­vices in the pub­lic sec­tor♦ and Lay-offs♦
Those are just a few of the direct con­se­quences of accept­ing IMF mon­ey. Of course there are the indi­rect con­se­quences as well ♦ Escalating crime ♦ dete­ri­o­rat­ing infra­struc­ture and a gen­er­al sense of malaise, unease and mis­ery among the population.

It’s impor­tant that Andrew Holness and the JLP tell the Jamaican peo­ple whether the par­ty will con­tin­ue with the IMF agree­ment and nego­ti­ate a new agree­ment in the near future if the par­ty is elect­ed to office.
The JLP must also explain where the fund­ing will come from to pro­vide Government ser­vices and main­tain the Island’s oblig­a­tions as it relates to debt ser­vic­ing, if it choos­es not to enter into an agree­ment with the fund.

Speaking to the Nation in a live broad­cast, Opposition Leader Andrew Holness out­lined a 10 point plan which he argues will grow the econ­o­my and pro­vide real jobs.
SEE PLAN HEREHolness offers 10-point plan for growth and job creation

Here’s the rub however.
The Opposition leader him­self stat­ed that the rea­son the Prime Minister set elec­tions for February 25th of this year is to off­set the neg­a­tive effects of the upcom­ing bud­get. I believe there is much truth to that but more than that is the lit­tle issue of recent polling data which we are told has the gov­ern­ing par­ty with a 4 per­cent­age point lead over it’s rival JLP.
A poten­tial JLP Administration invari­ably will have to deal with the fall­out which emanate from the next bud­getary dic­tates of the IMF which are sure to have neg­a­tive con­se­quences for the aver­age Jamaican.
Holness and the JLP will poten­tial­ly have to lay off work­ers and cut ser­vices as the PNP will also be forced to do. A new PNP Administration will not have to fear a back­lash from lay­offs, and ser­vice cut-backs. A new man­date insu­lates the par­ty from that . They will also have five years in which to cur­ry favor with the voters.
Not so for an incom­ing JLP Administration which will imme­di­ate­ly be pil­lo­ried and labelled “heart­less” for lay­ing off strug­gling work­ers as soon as it acquires office.
Can’t win for losing.….….….….….…..

Rubio : Dangerously Divisive..

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As divi­sive and dan­ger­ous as the Republican field of pres­i­den­tial can­di­dates are, the most vir­u­lent­ly divi­sive , dan­ger­ous and dis­re­spect­ful is the Hispanic Marco Rubio(R‑Fla)>
Just recent­ly Former Florida Jed Bush blast­ed Rubio as hav­ing accom­plished noth­ing except for his per­son­al agen­da. It may be argued that those are com­ments from a rival who is strug­gling for trac­tion. That would be a legit­i­mate state­ment to make but it does­n’t make the state­ment any less true.
Former Pennsylvania Senator and peren­ni­al pres­i­den­tial can­di­date Rick Santorum who on Thursday dropped out of the 2016 race and endorsed Rubio could not name any­thing Rubio had accom­plished leg­isla­tive­ly when pressed by Joe Scarborough.
New Jersey Governor and fel­low can­di­date Chis Christie blast­ed Rubio label­ing him “the boy in the bub­ble’ who is script­ed and says what his han­dlers want him to say with­out respond­ing substantively.

Set aside the obvi­ous dis­dain Rubio’s con­tem­po­raries have for him. Rubio has man­aged to be ultra dis­re­spect­ful to President Barack Obama over and above what is expect­ed from dif­fer­ences over pol­i­cy directions.
His com­ments regard­ing the President has been some of the most caus­tic and deroga­to­ry than many who are opposed to the pres­i­dent on racial grounds.
Marco Rubio who arrived on the National stage with T‑Party sup­port, brings the same ran­cid dem­a­goguery Sarah Palin T‑Party dar­ling and oth­er right-wink kooks bring.
Nothing seem to be out of the realm of what Rubio won’t say about the president.
It was how­ev­er a huge sur­prise when Marco Rubio stat­ed that “President Obama has no class”.
President Obama now on the last quar­ter of his sec­ond term has had a scan­dal-free Presidency, some­thing no President in recent his­to­ry except Jimmy Carter can lay claim to.
President Obama and his fam­i­ly have been a mod­el of” class, dig­ni­ty and deco­rum” . No President in American his­to­ry have upheld the dig­ni­ty of the Presidency to a greater extent than Barack Hussein Obama has.
Those are crit­i­cal val­ues the inso­lent lit­tle boy in the bub­ble would be well advised to learn.

Rubio who gen­er­al­ly sport a ridicu­lous grin can eas­i­ly fool a crowd regard­ing his dis­re­spect­ful and arro­gant nature.
In a vis­it to the Islamic Society of Baltimore, his first to a mosque in the United States as pres­i­dent, Mr. Obama recit­ed phras­es from the Quran and praised American Muslims as a cru­cial part of America’s his­to­ry and vital to the nation’s future. The President’s vis­it was viewed as a push-back against recent anti-Muslim rhetoric large­ly com­ing from the polit­i­cal right.
Ever the oppor­tunist Marco Rubio was quick to assail the President while speak­ing to FOX mis­in­for­ma­tion quote”

It’s not about clos­ing down mosques. It’s about clos­ing down any place — whether it’s a café, a din­er, an inter­net site — any place where rad­i­cals are being inspired. The big­ger prob­lem we have is our inabil­i­ty to find out where these places are, because we’ve crip­pled our intel­li­gence pro­grams, both through unau­tho­rized dis­clo­sures by a trai­tor in Edward Snowden, or by some of the things this pres­i­dent has put in place with the sup­port even of some from my own par­ty to dimin­ish our intel­li­gence capa­bil­i­ties;So what­ev­er facil­i­ty is being used — it’s not just a mosque — any facil­i­ty that’s being used to rad­i­cal­ize and inspire attacks against the United States should be a place that we look at.”

I nev­er had any use for this guy, I always had a dim view of both he and Ted Cruz, two Hispanics who seem to suf­fer from a lack of racial identity.
It is rather strange that Rubio and Cruz the two Hispanics in the Republican race, seem to be vying to see who can be the most anti-immi­grant, par­tic­u­lar­ly when Hispanics make up the largest group of un-doc­u­ment­ed peo­ple liv­ing in the coun­try or try­ing to get into the coun­try for that matter..
What if the peo­ple who gov­erned before took the stance of Rubio and Cruz, where would these two be?
If fact their stat­ed Hero Ronald Reagan who grant­ed Amnesty to many would not be eli­gi­ble for today’s Republican party.
This is what makes Rubio and Cruz too mon­u­men­tal frauds.
Thursday’s Huffington Post called out Rubio for lying that President Obama is divisive.
In a blar­ing head­line titled :” DANGEROUSLY DIVISIVE”, the pub­li­ca­tion peeled back the fake lay­er of fraud dis­guised with a smile and laid bare Rubio’s fraud­u­lent bravado.
“Marco Rubio, who often advo­cates for reli­gious lib­er­ty and speaks of his faith on the cam­paign trail, is the one engag­ing in divi­sive rhetoric”.
Finally some light is being shone on this fraud and a phony.

Gruesome Triple Murder In St James.….Posted By JA-Blogz News Team

The Police Corporate Communications Unit has revealed that there is now a strong police pres­ence in the the Meggie Top com­mu­ni­ty of Salt Spring, St James.

Observer photo.
Observer pho­to.

This after the grue­some mur­der of three peo­ple. Four per­sons were shot, how­ev­er one sur­vived. Police report­ed­ly con­firmed Tuesday that the four were shot at approx­i­mate­ly 11:30 pm. The injured indi­vid­ual is said to be in seri­ous condition.

Two Children and Mother Die From Suspected Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

Two chil­dren and their moth­er are sus­pect­ed to have died as a result of car­bon monox­ide poi­son­ing in Three Hills, St Mary on Thursday, February 4.

According to Loop News, they have been iden­ti­fied as 37-year-old Charla Thompson-Young and her two chil­dren- 12-year-old Brandon Young and 4‑year-old Leslie Ann Young, all of Three Hills in St Mary. Reports from the Retreat Police are that about 7:30 am, Mrs Young’s sis­ter went to the house where she dis­cov­ered the bod­ies. The Police was called in and the bod­ies were seen in the house. Preliminary inves­ti­ga­tions by the Police revealed that a gas gen­er­a­tor, which was housed in the liv­ing room, was report­ed­ly left turned on overnight with the house locked-up.
Gruesome Triple Murder in St James

How Does The JLP Overcome The Deficit .….….…..

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ELECTIONS IN JAMAICA

Elections in Jamaica Generally seem to reflect the will of the peo­ple, if of course you are will­ing to over­look the val­ue of the Island’s Garrison. To those un-famil­iar with the term, it is the prac­tice of the polit­i­cal par­ty in pow­er to unfair­ly use scare pub­lic funds to ben­e­fit vot­ers loy­al to that par­ty. This usu­al­ly means lump­ing acqui­es­cent vot­ers into con­stituen­cies which gen­er­al­ly vote for that party .
In essence what they end up doing is to cre­ate super con­stituen­cies which the oppo­si­tion par­ty has no chance of win­ning. Free Housing and oth­er largess cre­ates a class of vot­ers who become rub­ber stamps for the par­ty, regard­less of whether it has a dis­mal record of achieve­ment or per­for­mance for the coun­try as a whole.
In the United States this is done under the name “Gerrymandering”. This is done through an act of Congress how­ev­er achiev­ing the same dubi­ous results .
The Party with the major­i­ty in the House is allowed to re-draw Congressional dis­trict lines in a way which defies any log­ic but that par­ty’s rapa­cious desire to lump blocks of vot­ers into a sin­gle dis­trict loy­al to the par­ty doing the re-drawing.

All in all our coun­try remains some­what a vibrant Democracy sup­port­ed by both polit­i­cal par­ties and a peo­ple who are fierce­ly loy­al to demo­c­ra­t­ic prin­ci­ples and ideals.
Our coun­try is still looked at as a mod­el for bud­ding democracies .
For that our peo­ple can be proud . No, we have not estab­lished the eco­nom­ic frame­work for suc­cess Indonesia or Malaysia has but nei­ther have we sur­ren­dered our rights and free­doms in pur­suit of eco­nom­ic viability.
Clearly a lot more needs to be done in terms of estab­lish­ing and rein­forc­ing an eco­nom­ic frame-work which will wean our coun­try from the dic­tates of par­a­sitic lend­ing agen­cies like the (IMF) which sucks the life-blood from our peo­ple leav­ing us far worse that when we were forced into the unholy alliance in the first place.

That will take time and a decid­ed focus . The ques­tion remains whether the peo­ple have the stom­ach for that change. Someone com­ment­ed to me recent­ly that the deficit is too great for the JLP to make up.
I thought about it long and hard tak­ing into con­sid­er­a­tion the advan­tage the PNP has because of it’s gar­ri­son constituencies.
However this nev­er stopped Jamaicans before. Jamaicans have a his­to­ry of kick­ing out the bums of both par­ties en-mass when the pinch becomes unbear­able. The ques­tion is “is the pinch unbear­able”?

GETTING OUT MANUVERED

It’s easy to assume that Bruce Golding was forced to step down or that Andrew Holness and the JLP lost the elec­tions of 2011 because Golding refused to sur­ren­der Christopher(Duddus) Coke to the Americans.
It’s easy to assume Portia Simpson Miller made the list of Time Magazine’s list of most influ­en­tial women on merit.
It is easy to mis­un­der­stand the impact of out­side forces in shap­ing events in our country.
However if you are will­ing to look at trends which the Government was inca­pable of under­stand­ing when it decid­ed to hedge oil prices at US$66 per bar­rel, you’ll find out just how events begin.
Bruce Golding’s demise begun when he remarked to a British Journalist that there would be no “Gays in his cab­i­net”.
If you under­stand the pow­er of out­side agen­cies then you begin under­stand­ing what was behind the demand that Coke to be extra­dit­ed to face charges in the United States, and the ensu­ing con­se­quences of that demand.
It was lose, lose for Golding, if he acqui­esced and allowed the process to play out in the Courts as many have said he should, his base of sup­port in Tivoli Gardens evap­o­rate. Golding was a trans­plant into Tivoli, he did not have the con­trol Edward Seaga built for him­self over the decades.
Conversely if Golding fought the Americans, regard­less of the argu­ment he used he would be seen as sup­port­ing a crim­i­nal want­ed by a pow­er­ful ally.
Bruce Golding was done as Prime Minister of Jamaica.

Was it acci­den­tal that the very same ques­tion was posed to Simpson Miller dur­ing the debates between her­self and Holness dur­ing the 2011 elec­tion cycle?
Does any ratio­nal thinker believe Portia Simpson Miller stat­ed she would sup­port revis­it­ing the Bugger Act on her own voli­tion ?
Once you begin to pon­der all this then you begin to see the pieces fall into place. You start under­stand­ing why the tired, out of ideas PNP was returned to pow­er much to their own astonishment.
Then you see why Portia was reward­ed by Time Magazine.
Then you under­stand the Obama visit.

A picture tells a thousand words....
A pic­ture tells a thou­sand words.…

GANJA
HOW QUICKLY SHOULD JAMAICA LEGALIZE GANJA ?

I have sug­gest­ed that the JLP fig­ure out the trends and stake out a pop­ulist posi­tion on emerg­ing trends before the peo­ple them­selves estab­lish a position.
There is hard­ly an issue more impor­tant to Jamaicans than “Marijuana”.
Even with­out the Rastafarian posi­tion on the weed as a reli­gious sacra­ment ‚Jamaicans are heavy users of mar­i­jua­na which we com­mon­ly know as Ganja.
Many Jamaicans smoke the weed , many use it to make a type of tea which they believe havemed­i­c­i­nal val­ue to them.
Not to men­tion the way Ganja is seen as a poten­tial eco­nom­ic sav­ior for many.
On that basis it makes smart polit­i­cal sense to stake out a posi­tion which is in line with the think­ing of the people.
THE TRUTH ABOUT GANGA COMING OUT.

Last Sunday a mul­ti­tude gath­ered in Half-Way-Tree square, the air was filled with the putrid stench of cannabis . Above the sea of heads was a sol­id cloud of gan­ja smoke.
It was a gan­ja smok­ers heaven.
It was in that atmos­phere that the Island’s Prime Minister mount­ed the stage and gloat­ed about less gan­ja arrests to roar­ing ovation.
Long before all this hap­pened how­ev­er, this medi­um and this hum­ble writer begged the JLP to get out in front of this issue.
Set this hum­ble blog­ger and medi­um aside, there were indi­ca­tors aplenty.
It was­n’t too long ago that the min­is­ter of nation­al secu­ri­ty sug­gest­ed to the police that they turn a blind eye to peo­ple smok­ing the weed.
https://​mike​beck​les​.com/​o​n​-​s​m​a​l​l​-​q​u​a​n​t​i​t​i​e​s​-​o​f​-​g​a​n​j​a​-​b​u​n​t​i​n​g​-​t​o​-​p​o​l​i​c​e​-​t​u​r​n​-​a​-​b​l​i​n​d​-​e​ye/

Under no cir­cum­stances should the JLP have been out­ma­neu­vered on this issue.
Yet it was.
Does the JLP even under­stand­ing the val­ue of this issue to each par­ty going forward?
These are mon­u­men­tal issues which will influ­ence vot­ers going for­ward for decades. The JLP lit­er­al­ly sur­ren­dered to the nar­ra­tive that it is a rich man’s par­ty which is not true.
As I said in a pre­vi­ous arti­cle it was Alexander Bustamante who spent almost two years locked up in prison for cham­pi­oning work­ers right, not Norman Manley.
Bustamante did not get out­ma­neu­vered by his cousin Norman Manley.
Bustamante a found­ing mem­ber of the People’s National Party PNP left and formed the JLP when the rhetoric and pol­i­cy posi­tions of the PNP became too rad­i­cal too unworkable.
The Jamaican peo­ple eschewed West Indies fed­er­a­tion Manley sup­port­ed, to which they were opposed and elect­ed Bustamante to Office.
Under Bustamante Jamaica became an inde­pen­dent nation August 1962. Alexander Bustamante became the first prime min­is­ter of the new­ly inde­pen­dent Jamaica.

Perceptions if left unchal­lenged becomes real­i­ty. To many Jamaicans that per­cep­tion is reality.
The JLP could least afford to have Jamaicans attribute the free­ing up of gan­ja as some­thing the PNP did .
Of course the par­ty was not in pow­er but there is much it could have done as a mat­ter of pol­i­cy-posi­tion which could have head­ed off and negat­ed that crit­i­cal perception.
It didn’t !!!

Free Blacks Lived In The North, Right? By Henry Louis Gates, Jr. | Originally Posted On The Root

PROF. GATES
PROF. GATES

I hope it’s clear by now I love facts, espe­cial­ly those that sur­prise — even shock — us out of our assump­tions. Don’t get me wrong. All of us, includ­ing schol­ars in var­i­ous fields, have so much infor­ma­tion to assim­i­late on a dai­ly basis that it is dif­fi­cult to avoid short­hand in con­ver­sa­tion. The prob­lem aris­es when we sim­pli­fy and there­by dis­tort. This is espe­cial­ly true when it comes to the his­to­ry of slavery.

Most of us know that before the American Civil War there were so-called slave states and free states. Knowing this, our minds fill in the map with log­ic. If such a line as “Mason-Dixon” exist­ed (actu­al­ly, there were a series of lines drawn by “com­pro­mis­ing” Congresses through­out the first half of the 19th cen­tu­ry), slaves must have resided below it and free black peo­ple above it, with every man, woman and child in chains try­ing to escape to the North just as soon as they could — fol­low­ing the prover­bial North Star to a new life of unbound­ed oppor­tu­ni­ty — while those already up there remained vig­i­lant against being kid­napped back into slav­ery down in the South.

Then a book comes along — a once-in-a-gen­er­a­tion mas­ter­piece of research and analy­sis — that shakes up our con­stel­la­tion of inher­it­ed “facts” to the point that we no longer feel com­fort­able assum­ing any­thing about what was so in the black past, and why it occurred. That’s exact­ly what the great his­to­ri­an Ira Berlin did in his book, Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South (ini­tial­ly pub­lished in 1974, and reis­sued by the New Press in 2007), a book I read as a grad­u­ate stu­dent, then returned to recent­ly, to help me under­stand a puz­zling fact in my own fam­i­ly tree.

Genealogists for our Finding Your Roots PBS series told me that I had descend­ed from three sets of fourth great-grand­par­ents who had been freed well before the Civil War. (Unless, like come­di­an Wanda Sykes, you descend from a mulat­to child born to a white moth­er, all of your African-American ances­tors were once slaves; the only ques­tion is when they became free, which for 90 per­cent of us was either dur­ing the Civil War or with the rat­i­fi­ca­tion of the 13th Amendment fol­low­ing the war.) Two sets of my own ances­tors (the Cliffords and the Redmans) were free peo­ple by the time of the American Revolution, and the oth­er set, the Bruces, were freed in the will of their mas­ter in 1823.

As if this weren’t sur­pris­ing enough, it was anoth­er fact that drove me to re-read Ira Berlin’s book about freed slaves. All of these peo­ple, and their descen­dants, con­tin­ued to live in slave-hold­ing Virginia, even dur­ing the Civil War. (Their part of Virginia would join the Union as the state of West Virginia in the mid­dle of the war, but they had no way of know­ing this when they decid­ed to remain there, rather than flee.) Why didn’t my great-great-great-great-grand­par­ents run away to safe­ty in the North, rather than remain in the Potomac Valley region of slave-hold­ing west­ern Virginia, about 30 miles, as a mat­ter of fact, from where I was born? Free Negroes head­ed north just as soon as they could, right? Didn’t my ances­tors’ deci­sion to stay put in the Confederacy run counter to what we all under­stood about the his­to­ry of slavery?

I turned to Ira Berlin’s book for answers, and I was aston­ished to learn that my ances­tors’ pres­ence in the South and their deci­sion to stay put dur­ing the war were not as uncom­mon as I had imag­ined. And per­haps most remark­able of all is the fact that pro­fes­sor Berlin explained the mys­tery of my ances­tors’ (and many oth­ers’) seem­ing­ly coun­ter­in­tu­itive deci­sions using num­bers in plain sight, includ­ing those in the 1860 U.S. Census.

In that rag­ing year of Lincoln’s elec­tion and Southern seces­sion, there were a total of 488,070 free blacks liv­ing in the United States, about 10 per­cent of the entire black pop­u­la­tion. Of those, 226,152 lived in the North and 261,918 in the South, in 15 states (Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas) plus the District of Columbia. Let me break that down fur­ther: A few months before the Confederacy was born, there were 35,766 more free black peo­ple liv­ing in the slave-own­ing South than in the North, and remov­ing D.C. from the equa­tion wouldn’t have shift­ed the result. And they stayed there dur­ing the Civil War.

Don’t believe it? You can now fact-check the num­bers your­self on the U.S. Census Bureau web­site. Amazing, right? Even if, as Berlin illus­trates in a com­pan­ion table, 100 per­cent of the African Americans liv­ing in the North were free in 1860 (com­pared to only 6.2 per­cent in the South), it still is a puz­zle to fig­ure out why the major­i­ty lived below the Mason-Dixon Line. And here’s the kick­er: At no time before the Civil War (at least not after the first U.S. Census was tak­en in 1790 and future states were added) did free blacks in the North ever out­num­ber those in the South!

To me, learn­ing about this aspect of African-American his­to­ry was as aston­ish­ing as any of the “amaz­ing” facts on Joel A. Rogers’ orig­i­nal list of 100. (Rogers didn’t include this one on his list, but he did claim that some of these Southern Free Negroes fought for the Confederacy, a claim that we shall exam­ine in anoth­er col­umn.) Despite count­less sto­ries I’d read and heard about the Underground Railroad, with abo­li­tion­ists on one side and fire-eaters on the oth­er, there was, I now knew, a more com­plex land­scape under­foot. Black his­to­ry is full of sur­pris­es and con­tra­dic­tions, and this is one of the most sur­pris­ing and seem­ing­ly con­tra­dic­to­ry ones that I have encountered.

First things first: How did more free blacks end up liv­ing in the South? Weren’t their lives a liv­ing hell? In this week’s col­umn, I plan to address those ques­tions. Next week, I’ll tack­le why so many, like sev­er­al gen­er­a­tions of my own ances­tors, stayed.

Luckily, Ira Berlin has the answers, and if you seek them, too, I urge you to read his book, since there’s no way I can pos­si­bly cap­ture its many dimen­sions — or its bril­liance — in this col­umn. There’s a rea­son Slaves Without Masters won the National History Society’s Best Book Prize, and Berlin is the Distinguished University Professor at the University of Maryland in College Park (fit­ting also because Maryland was the state with the largest pop­u­la­tion of free blacks in 1860 — 83,942 — and the high­est pro­por­tion of free ver­sus enslaved blacks, with 49.1 per­cent free).

Who They Were and How They Got There

To under­stand how the South cre­at­ed — and acquired — its major­i­ty of free black peo­ple, you would have to trav­el back fur­ther in time to the Revolutionary War, when nat­ur­al rights fever and mil­i­tary neces­si­ty (first, among the British) stim­u­lat­ed the first major surge of free blacks in America. Before then, there were a scant few, Berlin writes (in 1755, Maryland, the only English colony to keep track, count­ed 1,817; Virginia had about the same in 1782). By 1810, there were 108,265, rep­re­sent­ing “the fastest-grow­ing ele­ment in the Southern pop­u­la­tion,” with a dra­mat­ic 89.3 per­cent spike between 1790 and 1800 and anoth­er 76.8 per­cent jump between 1800 and 1810.

There were oth­er sources besides man­u­mis­sions (for­mal acts of eman­ci­pa­tion by slave­own­ers), to be sure, includ­ing an increase in run­aways and immi­grants. Among the immi­grants were free blacks flee­ing the West Indies (often with their own slaves) dur­ing the 1791 slave revolt against the French in Saint-Dominque, which became the inde­pen­dent Republic of Haiti in 1804. In part because of that revolt, anoth­er impor­tant surge in the Southern free black pop­u­la­tion occurred when Napoleon Bonaparte, exhaust­ed and in need of cash from France’s defeat by the slaves, sold his country’s vast Louisiana ter­ri­to­ry to the Americans under its slave-own­ing pres­i­dent, Thomas Jefferson, in 1803. With it, the U.S. acquired thou­sands of “free peo­ple of col­or,” many of whom had sprung from sex­u­al unions between French and Spanish colonists and black slaves.

Still anoth­er group of free peo­ple of col­or (orig­i­nal­ly from Saint-Dominique) emi­grat­ed to New Orleans from Cuba in 1809, in the upheavals of the Napoleonic wars, dou­bling the size of the black pop­u­la­tion there. While the rate of growth among Southern free blacks would slow across near­ly every decade lead­ing up to the Civil War (the growth rate was a mere 10 per­cent between 1850 and 1860), by 1810 the South had a free black pop­u­la­tion that was there to say.

So who were they?

The short answer is they lived as far as they could from what we know as the Gone With the Wind South. As Berlin shows in a demo­graph­ic pro­file as con­cise as it is clear, free blacks in the South large­ly resided in cities — the big­ger the bet­ter, because that’s where the jobs were (in 1860, 72.7 per­cent of urban free blacks lived in Southern cities of 10,000 or more). They were pre­dom­i­nant­ly female (52.6 per­cent of free blacks in the South were women in 1860), because, accord­ing to Berlin, free black men had a greater ten­den­cy to move out of the region. They also were old­er than the aver­age slave, because they often had to wait to earn or buy their free­dom, or, in not uncom­mon cas­es, be “dumped” by their own­ers as weak or infirm (in 1860, 20 per­cent of free blacks were over the age of 40 com­pared to 15 per­cent of slaves and whites). Free blacks also were lighter in col­or (40.8 per­cent of Southern free blacks in 1860 report­ed mixed racial ances­try ver­sus 10.4 per­cent of slaves); not sur­pris­ing­ly, slaves with their master’s blood were more like­ly to be favored by him and, as Berlin shows, favored slaves were more like­ly to be freed.

Two Souths

Here’s where the mono­lith falls apart, how­ev­er. As crit­i­cal as Berlin’s find­ings about the North and South was his rev­e­la­tion that the South real­ly con­sist­ed of “two Souths”: an Upper and a Lower, dis­tin­guished, among oth­er things, by their his­to­ries, geo­gra­phies and outlooks.

The Upper South (think Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and lat­er Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee and D.C.) had been marked by its ear­li­er his­to­ry of man­u­mis­sion fol­low­ing the Revolution; it also had a more neg­a­tive out­look about slavery’s future as a result of its increas­ing­ly inhos­pitable soil (for more on this, see Amazing Fact, “What Was the Second Middle Passage?”).

The Lower South (think Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South, Carolina and Texas), by con­trast, had nev­er embraced man­u­mis­sion fever, and because there was still so much mon­ey to be made off the cot­ton trade (see Amazing Fact, “Why Was Cotton King?”), it nev­er wavered in its com­mit­ment to the slave economy.

Consequently, there were two broad groups of Southern free blacks, Berlin writes. Not only did the vast major­i­ty live in the Upper South (224,963 in 1860 ver­sus 36,955 in the Lower South in 1860), they were on aver­age dark­er-skinned and more rur­al than their Lower South coun­ter­parts. By con­trast, free blacks in the Lower South were few­er in num­ber, lighter-skinned and more urban, cre­at­ing a much more pro­nounced three-caste sys­tem and with­in it var­i­ous gra­da­tions of black­ness, includ­ing mulat­toes (those who would be called bira­cial today), quadroons (those with one black grand­par­ent) and octoroons (those with one black great-grandparent).

According to Berlin, “through­out the South, a light skin was the freeman’s dis­tin­guish­ing char­ac­ter­is­tic,” and “[t]he slaveholder’s increas­ing­ly selec­tive lib­er­a­tion of favored bonds­men and the dif­fi­cul­ties slaves had run­ning away or pur­chas­ing their lib­er­ty meant that free Negroes were gen­er­al­ly more skilled, lit­er­ate, and well con­nect­ed with whites than the mass of slaves.” This was espe­cial­ly true in the Lower South, where some free blacks even owned slaves — among them were Andrew Durnford of Louisiana, who, says Berlin, had “some sev­en­ty-five slaves” work­ing on his sug­ar plantation.

Jim Crow: The Prequel

I hope I’m not giv­ing you the wrong impres­sion about free black life in the ante­bel­lum South, because life for them there was “no crys­tal stair,” to quote Langston Hughes. Laws, espe­cial­ly in the Upper South, reflect­ed whites’ sus­pi­cion (very often hatred) of free blacks, and there were repeat­ed attempts to deport them, to reg­is­ter them, to jail the indo­lent and tax and extort the wage-earn­er, to dis­en­fran­chise the free black caste alto­geth­er from vot­ing or tes­ti­fy­ing in court against whites. To leave lit­tle doubt, as Berlin quotes the say­ing at the time, that “even the low­est whites [could] threat­en free Negroes … with ‘a good nig­ger beating.’”

This cre­at­ed per­verse incen­tives for free blacks to try hard to dis­tin­guish them­selves from slaves, some­times even to “pass” (pdf) out of the “black” caste as “white” if they could. Throughout the region, repres­sive laws helped cre­ate the con­di­tions for a vast under­class that for most free blacks meant liv­ing along a very thin line between slav­ery and free­dom, debt and depen­den­cy, pover­ty and pride. In fact, many of those same laws would lay the ground­work for what would fol­low after the Civil War and Reconstruction dur­ing the Jim Crow era.

By the 1850s, Berlin reveals, only Delaware, Missouri and Arkansas still allowed legal man­u­mis­sion of free blacks, and Arkansas, on the eve of seces­sion, threat­ened its small pop­u­la­tion of free blacks with an impos­si­ble choice: self-deport (where have we heard that before?) or be re-enslaved. The result: Across the South in the ante­bel­lum peri­od, there were “qua­si-free” blacks who had been ille­gal­ly freed with­out papers or prospects. Add to them those who passed as white or were kid­napped back into bondage, and it begins to make even the clear­est of cen­sus num­bers seem shaky.

So under those con­di­tions, why would any free black remain in the South? Next week’s arti­cle in our series will address what impelled my ances­tors and so many oth­ers to stay put on the eve of the Civil War. Until then, remem­ber to be care­ful what you say short­hand in con­ver­sa­tion. As I told an audi­ence in Charlotte, N.C., last month, what was true for the ancient Greeks remains true for those con­duct­ing genealog­i­cal research today: “Know thyself.”

Malcolm Relevant Today As He Was Then…

IN HONOR OF BLACK HISTORY MONTH.

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A People Who Do Not Correct The Mistakes Of Their Past Are Doomed To Repeating Them …

As we take time out to con­tem­plate what hap­pened to our peo­ple on anoth­er black his­to­ry month.

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Rick Santorum Suspends Presidential Campaign, Endorses Marco Rubio

Former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum ® sus­pend­ed his pres­i­den­tial cam­paign on Wednesday. “We are sus­pend­ing this cam­paign as of this moment,” he said on Fox News. He also announced that he is endors­ing Sen. Marco Rubio (R‑Fla.).

The news, first report­ed by CNN and the Washington Post ear­li­er on Wednesday, comes after Santorum fin­ished with just one per­cent of the vote in the 2016 Iowa GOP cau­cus. The loss had already prompt­ed his cam­paign to post­pone a planned 46-coun­ty tour in South Carolina. Santorum had hoped to earn the back­ing of evan­gel­i­cal Christian vot­ers and peel away sup­port­ers from some of his con­ser­v­a­tive rivals, like Sen. Ted Cruz (R‑Texas). He announced his pres­i­den­tial run on May 27 in a Pennsylvania fac­to­ry, join­ing an already-crowd­ed field of GOP con­tenders. His high­ly con­ser­v­a­tive plat­form, fueled by his own blue-col­lar roots, rest­ed upon rein­ing in spend­ing and fight­ing on behalf of the American worker.

Rick Santorum, former senator from Pennsylvania and 2016 Republican presidential candidate, speaks during the Republican presidential candidate debate at the Iowa Events Center in Des Moines, Iowa, U.S., on Thursday, Jan. 28, 2016. Candidates from both parties are crisscrossing Iowa, an agricultural state of about 3 million people in the U.S. heartland that will hold the first votes of the 2016 election on Feb. 1. Photographer: Daniel Acker/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Rick Santorum, for­mer sen­a­tor from Pennsylvania and 2016 Republican pres­i­den­tial can­di­date, speaks dur­ing the Republican pres­i­den­tial can­di­date debate at the Iowa Events Center in Des Moines, Iowa, U.S., on Thursday, Jan. 28, 2016. Candidates from both par­ties are criss­cross­ing Iowa, an agri­cul­tur­al state of about 3 mil­lion peo­ple in the U.S. heart­land that will hold the first votes of the 2016 elec­tion on Feb. 1. Photographer: Daniel Acker/​Bloomberg via Getty Images

It’s time to revi­tal­ize man­u­fac­tur­ing, pro­cess­ing, con­struc­tion and ener­gy sec­tors of our econ­o­my again so America can once again thrive,” his cam­paign web­site said. On some issues, he veered away from many in his par­ty, propos­ing to raise the min­i­mum wage by 50 cents per year over three years dur­ing a CNN Republican debate. Santorum is also known for his hawk­ish for­eign pol­i­cy. He has staunch­ly opposed the nuclear deal struck between world pow­ers and Iran, call­ing it “the great­est betray­al of American nation­al secu­ri­ty” in U.S. his­to­ry. He also advo­cat­ed for 10,000 U.S. troops to defeat the Islamic State, a ter­ror­ist group also referred to as ISIS or ISIL.
His run has been marred by con­tro­ver­sial com­ments on abor­tion, homo­sex­u­al­i­ty and immi­gra­tion. In August, he said that undoc­u­ment­ed par­ents are “like some­one who robs a bank because they want to feed their family.”

Santorum ran in the 2012 pres­i­den­tial elec­tion on a sim­i­lar plat­form, but with a greater degree of suc­cess. He won 11 pri­maries and cam­paigned in all 99 of Iowa’s coun­ties on a tight bud­get, lead­ing him to a very nar­row vic­to­ry in the 2012 Iowa cau­cus. (He fin­ished 11th out of 12 can­di­dates in this year’s Iowa cau­cus.) Some of his com­ments, how­ev­er, land­ed him in hot water through­out the cam­paign. He famous­ly told Fox News’ Chris Wallace in 2011 that gay sol­diers “cause prob­lems for peo­ple liv­ing in close quarters.”

Santorum did­n’t drop out of that pri­ma­ry race until April of 2012, after a series of defeats and the hos­pi­tal­iza­tion of his daugh­ter, Bella, who suf­fers from a rare genet­ic dis­or­der. At that point, he osten­si­bly hand­ed the 2012 GOP nom­i­na­tion over to Mitt Romney. Santorum served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1991 to 1995 and in the Senate from 1995 to 2007. In 1996, he co-authored a GOP wel­fare reform bill, which President Bill Clinton ulti­mate­ly signed into law. Rick Santorum Suspends Presidential Campaign, Endorses Marco Rubio

PSOJ : Hedging Oil Prices Good Idea: What Baloney.….

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One of the tragedies of the PNP’s dom­i­nance of the polit­i­cal land­scape over the last four decades as I have point­ed out time and again is the way it’s can­cer­ous ten­ta­cles has cor­rod­ed and cor­rupt­ed every stra­ta of the society.
In one of the most polit­i­cal yet cyn­i­cal­ly-disin­gen­u­ous dis­play of this cor­ro­sive influ­ence is a state­ment put out by the pri­vate sec­tor orga­ni­za­tion on the issue of the Government hedg­ing oil prices at US$66 per barrel.
In it’s state­ment the Private Sector Organization defend­ed the actions of the Government to hedge oil prices at US$66 per barrel.
The sub­se­quent and con­tin­u­ing drop in oil prices have report­ed­ly already cost the Government in excess of US$20 mil­lion or rough­ly Jam $2.4 bil­lion.

The PSOJ in it’s defense of the Government used the most shock­ing­ly asi­nine met­ric imaginable .
The Organization clear­ly showed that it was pre­pared to sac­ri­fice what­ev­er cred­i­bil­i­ty it may have left in a vul­gar and des­per­ate attempt to resus­ci­tate the image and cred­i­bil­i­ty of the Simpson Miller Administration.

In light of the hedge strat­e­gy, the Government effect­ed last year by pur­chas­ing an option to buy eight mil­lion bar­rels of oil at US$66, it means the coun­try has lost US$20 mil­lion in fees for the con­tract option. Oil will, how­ev­er, be sup­plied at the cur­rent mar­ket price”. “The only way that we can be sure of an event is after it has hap­pened. In oth­er words much of the com­men­tary today is being made from hind­sight (which is 20/​20). Buying a stock after the price has increased will not give you the ben­e­fit of the price rise, or what is the sense of buy­ing insur­ance after a cat­a­stroph­ic event. And, because an event might not hap­pen, would you then not insure against it,” the PSOJ argued.

This state­ment in and of itself shows the con­tempt these well placed oper­a­tives have for the intel­lect of the Jamaican people.
For the Tsunami of unin­formed who trav­eled from across the Country to Half-Way-Tree decked out in orange and red regalia this state­ment is Gospel . For the rest of us how­ev­er, it is a slap in the face and an affront to our senses.

Smart Investors pick stocks based on the fol­low­ing criteria.
(1) Payout Ratio: According to experts In gen­er­al the low­er the pay­out ratio the bet­ter because the more the com­pa­ny is pay­ing out in div­i­dends the less they are using to build up cash, pay off debt and invest in grow­ing the business.
(2) Dividend growth rate:The Dividend Growth Rate mea­sures the per­cent of growth a div­i­dend has expe­ri­enced over a cer­tain peri­od of time. While many reports will use an annu­al­ized fig­ure, it’s safer to use a five-year div­i­dend growth rate. The longer peri­od of time will give a bet­ter indi­ca­tion of over­all per­for­mance and allow minor ups and downs to bal­ance out.
(3) Yield: high yields can be risky and aren’t always the wis­est invest­ment options.
(4) Net Income Growth rate: Net Income Growth is a mea­sure of the rate of growth in prof­its when com­pared to the pre­vi­ous time period.
(5) ROI : Return On Investment, is impor­tant because it shows an investor how long it will take to earn their mon­ey back from their ini­tial invest­ment. It is com­posed of both the div­i­dend pay­ments and the increase in stock price. It is desir­able for both of these to show a sta­ble, upward trend.

The afore­men­tioned are just a few of the indi­ca­tors indus­try experts say sol­id investors need to look at before they invest in a stock.
Based on the fore­gone the metaphor about stock buy­ing is inap­plic­a­ble, there are clear guide­lines to invest­ing in stock options.
The Insurance angle made even less sense.
Purchasing Insurance because the pur­chas­er under­stands poten­tial future risks is the exact oppo­site of what the Administration did.
The Administration Insured when all the indi­ca­tors sug­gest­ed that the coun­try would final­ly get a break from the suf­fo­ca­tion of high oil prices.
Individuals and cor­po­ra­tions insure against even­tu­al­i­ties, it is not the same as hedg­ing oil prices when all the indi­ca­tors showed that there would be con­tin­ued dete­ri­o­ra­tion of oil prices .
The idea of hedg­ing prices is not nec­es­sar­i­ly a bad idea eco­nom­i­cal­ly speaking.
It becomes a bad thing when the peo­ple mak­ing the deci­sions do not under­stand mar­ket indicators.
It appears that the deci­sion mak­ers suf­fered from this malady.

Here are just a few of the indi­ca­tors which does not require much expertise.
(1) Three of the World’s largest economies were using less import­ed Oil. The United States the world’s largest con­sumer of oil was using more nat­ur­al gas and in the process import­ing less oil.
The United States was also diver­si­fy­ing it’s ener­gy portfolio.
China the world’s sec­ond largest econ­o­my was already show­ing signs of a slowdown .
Brazil an emerg­ing econ­o­my was rely­ing less and less on import­ed fos­sil fuel and invest­ing in and con­sum­ing more diver­si­fied energy.
The Iran nuclear deal was in the works as well which when con­sum­mat­ed would mean a lot more oil on the world market .
Overall there were many more indi­ca­tors which any person/​s mak­ing the deci­sion to hedge oil prices at US$66 per bar­rel should not have missed.

This is an inde­fen­si­ble act of incom­pe­tence or poten­tial­ly a lot more than meets the eye. Once upon a time the Jamaican pri­vate sec­tor was a rep­utable orga­ni­za­tion which rep­re­sent­ed the pri­vate sec­tor regard­less of who formed the Government.
Over the years all of that seem to have van­ished leav­ing in it’s stead anoth­er arm of the PNP as is the case in lit­er­al­ly every sec­tor of nation­al life includ­ing the clergy.

Why Isn’t The Birther Issue Resonating This Time Around.….

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During the Presidential Elections of 2008 and 2012 Hawaii born Barack Obama was exco­ri­at­ed by the Tea-Party Patriots and Republicans that he was dis­qual­i­fied from being President of the United States because accord­ing to them he was born in Kenya.
Only it was a lie !!!

Orly Taitz, a California lawyer led the “birther” move­ment against Obama the Nation’s first black President on no evi­dence which indi­cat­ed that Obama was born any­where but Hawaii.
The birther move­ment was a mod­ern day ver­sion of the slav­ery era “show me your papers” to which Obama even­tu­al­ly capitulated.
The Birther move­ment failed to gain enough trac­tion to make a dent in the impres­sion the broad­er American elec­torate had of Obama.
The move­ment sput­tered and petered out after President Obama was re-elect­ed in 2012 ‚which to some degree speaks to the motives behind the movement .

Donald Trump
Donald Trump

At the helm of the birther move­ment was the for­mer Alaska Governor and one time Republican Vice-Presidential can­di­date Sarah Palin and present Presidential Candidate Donald Trump who rev­eled in the birther con­tro­ver­sy until President Obama made a com­ic spec­ta­cle of him at a White House Correspondence Dinner. Previous to that event the President had labeled the Republican blow-hard a “Carnival-Barker”.

Ironically hard­ly any of the so-called front-line Republican elect­ed offi­cials spoke out about the inap­pro­pri­ate­ness of the Birther movement.
Those who did­n’t remain silent on racial grounds remained silent because in their minds it was good politics.
For Republicans pol­i­tics trumps every­thing, that includes Country, it includes decen­cy as well.

Republicans prob­a­bly nev­er con­tem­plat­ed this game being played on them and not by a Democrat but one of their own.
This cycle under­stand­ably, there is no slith­ery slimy Orly Taitz lead­ing the cav­al­ry into bat­tle to pro­tect the American Presidency from a Manchurian Obama, whom they all knew was a legit­i­mate American cit­i­zen. This time around it’s Trump the Republican front-run­ner lead­ing the Birther move­ment against can­di­date Ted Cruz who was born in Canada to a Welsh-American moth­er and a Cuban father.

Trump may be a Racist turd who want­ed to de-legit­imize Barack Obama using race as a dis-qual­i­fi­er but unfor­tu­nate­ly for Cruz and the Republican estab­lish­ment Trump is also an ego-mani­a­cal self pro­mot­er who is uncon­strained by par­ty labels.

Donald Trump remained Donald Trump noth­ing changed about the Trump Republicans embraced when he made those scur­rilous attacks on the President’s right to his nationality.
So when the very same Donald Trump lashed out at a surg­ing Ted Cruz in Iowa they were shocked. Many Republicans who were silent or cheer­ing Trump when he attacked Obama’s cit­i­zen­ship were up in arms against Trump while simul­ta­ne­ous­ly down­play­ing the ques­tions he raised about Ted Cruz’s Canadian birth and citizenship.

Ted Cruz did not renounce his Canadian cit­i­zen­ship until it was expe­di­ent for him to do so.
Every Republican inter­viewed on the issue hur­ries to brush the issue aside claim­ing there is noth­ing there despite the fact that Ted Cruz was born in Canada.
How is it a non-issue when he was born in a for­eign coun­try but the guy who was born on American soil was ques­tioned until he self verified?

Ted Cruz
Ted Cruz

No Republican believes the birther issue has mer­it after Trump stepped up his attacks on Cruz after his Iowa defeat.
What a dif­fer­ence Party and col­or makes in America?
Despite attempts to brush the birther issue under the car­pet it is by no means a set­tled issue because the courts have not ruled on it .

Cruz’s own for­mer Harvard Law Professor Laurence Tribe calls Cruz a “fair weath­er orig­i­nal­ist” and accused him of “con­sti­tu­tion­al hypocrisy,”.
Speaking of Cruz to CNN Laurence Tribe said “Ironically, the kind of jus­tices he says he wants are the ones that say he’s not eli­gi­ble to run for pres­i­dent,” Tribe argued. “This is impor­tant because the way this guy plays fast and loose with the Constitution, he’s a fair weath­er orig­i­nal­ist.”
Professor Tribe a con­sti­tu­tion­al law pro­fes­sor at Harvard stu­dents include President Barack Obama, Supreme Court Chief Justices John Roberts and Associate Justice Elena Kagan.

The com­ments were so riv­et­ing and illu­mi­nat­ing of Cruz’s hypocrisy that his cam­paign refused to respond, hop­ing it would blow over..
These are seri­ous issues the so-called main-stream media should be address­ing, yet they just left it there in true CNN fash­ion and allowed the issue to go away.

Even though the Supreme Court has­n’t ruled on Cruz’s eli­gi­bil­i­ty to be pres­i­dent of the United States Republicans who nev­er miss an oppor­tu­ni­ty to wrap them­selves in the Flag and pro­claim their love for the con­sti­tu­tion has no prob­lem with Cruz.
Conversely Barack Obama an American born Black man was harangued and exco­ri­at­ed until he had to pro­duce his papers.….
America has a very long way to go despite the rhetoric.….….….

JLP Did A Poor Job Of Maximizing Bustamante’s Contribution : PNP Maxed Out Manley’s…

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Even as large crowds are not nec­es­sar­i­ly a good indi­ca­tor of elec­tion results in Jamaica, the Jamaica labor par­ty should use the mas­sive PNP crowd in Half-Way-Tree Sunday as a moti­va­tion to get out the Vote.
The Labor Party wins when Jamaicans are fed up with the old­er polit­i­cal par­ty. Unfortunately for the Labor par­ty a trend has emerged in the way it is treated.
When things gets real­ly real­ly bad and the vot­ers can­not bear any more they vote the Labor par­ty in to fix the problems.
Kinda like the Americans flir­ta­tious rela­tion­ship with it’s old­er Republican Party, when they screw up they vote the Democrats in to fix things. Once things are back to nor­mal they resume the unhealthy rela­tion­ship with the Republicans.
As soon as Jamaicans bel­lies are filled and they are com­fort­able they wan­der off once again into the dan­ger­ous dal­liance with the PNP.
Ultimately the PNP has fig­ured out how to keep Jamaican vot­ers com­ing back to the par­ty by feed­ing them sweet cot­ton can­dy of lies promis­es and false promis­es. Just a taste of sweet which nev­er fills them up, they are kept in per­pet­u­al hope each elec­tion cycle, the mir­a­cle is just around the next cor­ner. Like the pied piper of Hamlin they fol­low like Rats and are led off the cliff into an ocean of despair and disappointment.
It’s almost like the Biblical sto­ry of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. Despite hav­ing every­thing at their fin­ger­tips, despite the plen­ty, Eve wan­dered off into a illic­it and mon­u­men­tal­ly con­se­quen­tial affair with the Devil

In com­ing to terms with the love affair Jamaicans have with the People’s National Party it’s impor­tant to under­stand that the (PNP) is the old­er of the two major polit­i­cal parties.
It is also impor­tant to rec­og­nize the sig­nif­i­cance Jamaicans place on the con­cept of a sup­posed Independent Jamaica , even though sub­stan­tive­ly Jamaica remain a depen­dent nation teth­ered to Britain and major lender agen­cies in crit­i­cal ways.
Of no less­er sig­nif­i­cance is the mythol­o­gy sur­round­ing Norman Manley’s con­tri­bu­tion to the Island’s Independence as opposed to his Cousin Alexander Bustamante.

. Kennedy with Prime Minister of Jamaica, Sir Alexander Bustamante
. Kennedy with Prime Minister of Jamaica, Sir Alexander Bustamante

It is impor­tant that for his­tor­i­cal con­text, when we con­sid­er the empha­sis which cer­tain seg­ments of the Jamaican pop­u­la­tion places on Manley’s cre­ation of the (PNP) , we also remem­ber that Alexander Bustamante was instru­men­tal in the cre­ation of the PNP and was a found­ing member.
Alexander Bustamante broke away from the PNP in 1939 when he decid­ed that the par­ty’s demo­c­ra­t­ic social­ist rhetoric was too rad­i­cal. He went on to form the Jamaica Labor Party a mod­er­ate cen­trist party.
After Britian decid­ed to drop Jamaica and oth­er for­mer colonies after World War Two, Norman Manley became Premier or Chief Minister in 1955.
However after the elec­tions of 1962 the Jamaica labor Party defeat­ed the People’s National Party. Alexander Bustamante ascend­ed to the Premiership of the Island.
Later that year the British Parliament passed the Jamaica Independence Act of 1962.
Alexander Bustamante became the very first Prime Minister of the new­ly Independent Jamaica.

Jamaicans have a cer­tain loy­al­ty to those they view as cru­cial to their sense of self deter­mi­na­tion . The (PNP) has done a great job of bur­nish­ing the resume’ of it’s past lead­ers and their accom­plish­ments , in some cas­es over-hyp­ing them, the JLP has done a hor­ri­ble job telling it’s story.
It was shock­ing to see the Island’s Prime Minister on a polit­i­cal stage on Sunday January 31st refer­ring to Norman Manley as the father of the Nation with­out a men­tion of Bustamante.
The Jamaica Labor Party under Edward Seaga , Bruce Golding and Andrew Holness failed dis­mal­ly, despite extend­ed peri­ods in politic obliv­ion to build sup­port for the par­ty based on the tri­umphs and accom­plish­ments of its’ for­mer lead­ers, like Bustamante, Dr, Herbert Eldemire , Hugh Shearer, Robert Lightbourne and others.
It’s intel­lec­tu­al lazi­ness to assume that the ground-swell of sup­port the PNP enjoys is based on the expec­ta­tion of free­bies only.
It’s impor­tant to under­stand the lens through which PNP sup­port­ers see Norman and Michael Manley.
The Jamaica Labor Party failed to edu­cate the Island’s peo­ple about it’s champions.
In fact the JLP has allowed the lie that the par­ty is a rich man’s par­ty to stick and set­tle in.

Norman Manley - John F. Kennedy
Norman Manley — John F. Kennedy

It was Alexander Bustamante who spent almost two years locked up in prison for stand­ing up for work­ers rights.
It was Bustamante who fought tooth and nail to keep Jamaica out of the West Indies Federation which lumped ten for­mer British Colonies into a sin­gle enti­ty bear­ing the afore­men­tioned name. Norman Manley led the Island into the Federation which was vast­ly unpop­u­lar with most Jamaicans.
Norman Manley was lat­er forced as Premier to hold a ref­er­en­dum on the issue which saw Jamaica opt­ing out of the Federation which lat­er col­lapsed after Trinidad and Tobago also opt­ed out.
So much for father of the Nation !
Where would Jamaica be were it not for the vision­ary ideas of Bustamante?
For the Revisionist Historians who like to talk about what Manley means to Jamaica , let it be known Norman Manley sold Jamaica ‘s sov­er­eign­ty to the West Indies Federation .
Bustamante gave Jamaica Nationhood.

Let s begin the process of mobi­liz­ing Laborites into Teams. Identifying team-lead­ers, moti­vate them , give them areas of responsibility.
Equip each team with appro­pri­ate trans­porta­tion, let them report into a cen­tral hub/​series of hubs with­in each constituency.
Each hub must com­mu­ni­cate on the progress being made in get­ting vot­ers out to the polls and get­ting them back home again.
Whenever prob­lems occur if these team lead­ers can­not han­dle the prob­lem a high­er tiered lead­er­ship group must jump into action.
Failure is not an option.
Jamaica is a small coun­try , each parish , each region must dial into this concept .
Failing this kind of orga­niz­ing the JLP must get com­fort­able for anoth­er long peri­od of polit­i­cal opposition.

Where Does The JLP Go If It Loses On Feb 25th.….….….….

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WHERE DOES THE JLP GO IN THE EVENT OFFEBRUARY 25th LOSS?

I shud­der to think through this ques­tion but it’s a ques­tion that needs ask­ing and even though many of my friends may be mad at me I have decid­ed to ask it anyway.
What hap­pens on February 25th if the Simpson Miller PNP is returned to power?
How would the JLP present itself going forward?
Would it con­clude that the Jamaican peo­ple are unwill­ing to make the nec­es­sary adjust­ments from a depen­dent elec­torate to one which embraces the excit­ing chal­lenges of a free peo­ple teth­ered to the con­cept of the free market?
Does it low­er it’s col­lec­tive head in defeat , giv­ing in to the nar­ra­tive that Jamaica is PNP Country?
Does a defeat­ed JLP con­clude that the Jamaican elec­torate is too far gone to be re-rout­ed in its’ thinking?
Does the JLP look at itself and try to fig­ure out how come it has failed to com­mu­ni­cate it’s mes­sage of pros­per­i­ty to a Generation weaned on the belief that Government is it’s benefactor?

All of these are crit­i­cal ques­tions to con­sid­er in under­stand­ing why a failed Administration would have been seen as a bet­ter alter­na­tive to the par­ty of pros­per­i­ty and growth?
What would the JLP do in it’s role as Constitutional oppo­si­tion, after all 5 years is a very long time?
Does the Party give up on the people ?
Does the par­ty con­clude that the elec­torate is sim­ply not sophis­ti­cat­ed enough to under­stand what’s best for it ?
Or does it throw out the play-book and dive in as the PNP has done, to hell with a growth agen­da, lets win elections?
It’s impor­tant that these issue are giv­en sound con­sid­er­a­tion by the par­ty after all in a Democracy par­ties may be pow­er­ful but come elec­tion day the peo­ple hold the power.
Let’s chew on these pos­si­bil­i­ties and pon­der the con­se­quences when we talk about the two par­ties are the same or I’m not voting.
If you think Jamaica is trans­formed now allow the PNP to have anoth­er 5 years and you can kiss the coun­try we all know and love goodbye.

WHY DOES IOWA GET TO START ?

Nothing hap­pens in a vac­u­um in American pol­i­tics there is always an under­ly­ing sto­ry , some motive under­neath what meets the eyes.
That cer­tain­ly per­tain to the Political Primaries of both polit­i­cal Parties.
Search as I might I have not found a plau­si­ble rea­son behind Iowa a deep rur­al farm state of 3,107,126 and New Hampshire a New England state with a pop­u­la­tion of 1,326,813 get­ting to go first in select­ing American Presidents.
Additionally it’s then on to Nevada , South Carolina and Alabama ?
I won­dered why large pop­u­lous States like California, New York, Ohio, New Jersey, and even Florida which has large mixed pop­u­la­tions does­n’t get first dibs.
Just won­der­ing whether, even as we cham­pi­on the genius of the American polit­i­cal sys­tem, we real­ize the sys­tem was rigged from the start to ensure that states with large­ly homo­ge­neous white pop­u­la­tions gets to sieve through or weed out whom they don’t want , in many cas­es decid­ing the nom­i­nee through resources or the lack there­of and per­cep­tions before the large pop­u­lous states with “those oth­er peo­ple” get to have a say. ?

Just ask­ing ?