Panel Discussion On Race And Police Violence In The US

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Days ago, I wrote about the pan­dem­ic of police killings in the United States sit­ting num­bers that ought to straight­en the spine of con­sci­en­tious peo­ple everywhere.
Race rela­tions are not get­ting bet­ter in the United States; in fact, they are get­ting worse, accord­ing to the data trends.
At the cen­ter of this prob­lem stands one gov­ern­ment agency that has tak­en it upon itself to be the guardian of white suprema­cy, speak­ing of the police.
The police are not the only gov­ern­ment agency through which racism is dis­pensed to peo­ple of col­or in the United States. Racism is in every fiber, every pore of America. It is part of the DNA of the nation; nev­er­the­less, the Police is the agency that inter­acts with mem­bers of our com­mu­ni­ty with guns and the pow­er to kill us. https://​mike​beck​les​.com/​b​i​a​s​e​d​-​u​s​e​-​o​f​-​f​o​r​c​e​-​b​y​-​a​m​e​r​i​c​a​n​-​p​o​l​i​c​e​-​f​o​r​c​e​s​-​d​e​s​p​i​c​a​b​l​e​-​a​n​d​-​s​h​a​m​e​f​ul/

We are hav­ing a con­tin­u­ing dis­cus­sion on this impor­tant issue. 


Police bru­tal­i­ty in the United States
 is the unwar­rant­ed or exces­sive and often ille­gal use of force against civil­ians by U.S. police offi­cers. Forms of police bru­tal­i­ty have ranged from assault and bat­tery (e.g., beat­ings) to may­hem, tor­ture, and mur­der. Some broad­er def­i­n­i­tions of police bru­tal­i­ty also encom­pass harass­ment (includ­ing false arrest), intim­i­da­tion, and ver­bal abuse, among oth­er forms of mistreatment.

Americans of all races, eth­nic­i­ties, ages, class­es, and gen­ders have been sub­ject­ed to police bru­tal­i­ty. In the late 19th and ear­ly 20th cen­turies, for exam­ple, poor and work­ing-class whites expressed frus­tra­tion over dis­crim­i­na­to­ry polic­ing in north­ern cities. At about the same time, Jewish and oth­er immi­grants from south­ern and east­ern Europe also com­plained of police bru­tal­i­ty against their com­mu­ni­ties. In the 1920s many urban police depart­ments, espe­cial­ly in large cities such as New York and Chicago, used extrale­gal tac­tics against mem­bers of Italian-immi­grant com­mu­ni­ties in efforts to crack down on orga­nized crime. In 1943 offi­cers of the Los Angeles Police Department were com­plic­it in attacks on Mexican Americans by U.S. ser­vice­men dur­ing the so-called Zoot Suit Riots, reflect­ing the department’s his­to­ry of hos­til­i­ty toward Hispanics (Latinos). Regular harass­ment of homo­sex­u­als and trans­gen­der per­sons by police in New York Citycul­mi­nat­ed in 1969 in the Stonewall riots, which were trig­gered by a police raid on a gay bar; the protests marked the begin­ning of a new era of mil­i­tan­cy in the inter­na­tion­al gay rights move­ment. And in the after­math of the 2001 September 11 attacks, Muslim Americans began to voice com­plaints about police bru­tal­i­ty, includ­ing harass­ment and racial pro­fil­ing. Many local law-enforce­ment agen­cies launched covert oper­a­tions of ques­tion­able legal­i­ty designed to sur­veil and infil­trate mosques and oth­er Muslim American orga­ni­za­tions in an effort to uncov­er pre­sumed ter­ror­ists, a prac­tice that went unchecked for at least a decade.

Notwithstanding the vari­ety among groups that have been sub­ject­ed to police bru­tal­i­ty in the United States, the great major­i­ty of vic­tims have been African American. In the esti­ma­tion of most experts, a key fac­tor explain­ing the pre­dom­i­nance of African Americans among vic­tims of police bru­tal­i­ty is antiblack racism among mem­bers of most­ly white police depart­ments. Similar prej­u­dices are thought to have played a role in police bru­tal­i­ty com­mit­ted against oth­er his­tor­i­cal­ly oppressed or mar­gin­al­ized groups.

Whereas racism is thought to be a major cause of police bru­tal­i­ty direct­ed at African Americans and oth­er eth­nic groups, it is far from the only one. Other fac­tors con­cern the unique insti­tu­tion­al cul­ture of urban police depart­ments, which stress­es group sol­i­dar­i­ty, loy­al­ty, and a “show of force” approach to any per­ceived chal­lenge to an officer’s author­i­ty. For rook­ie offi­cers, accep­tance, suc­cess, and pro­mo­tion with­in the depart­ment depend upon adopt­ing the atti­tudes, val­ues, and prac­tices of the group, which his­tor­i­cal­ly have been infused with anti-black racism. (bri​tan​ni​ca​.com)