Harvard Law Outsider Became Tea Party Hero

Ted Cruz celebrated Republican victories across the country at Harvard Law School in November 1994. He marked off George W. Bush’s win in the Texas governor’s race.
Ted Cruz cel­e­brat­ed Republican vic­to­ries across the coun­try at Harvard Law School in November 1994. He marked off George W. Bush’s win in the Texas governor’s race.

CAMBRIDGE — As the lights rose, Ted Cruz held cen­ter stage, dressed in black and kneel­ing at a bed­side. The first-year stu­dent at Harvard Law School deliv­ered his lines with the emo­tions of a man gripped by anger, fear, and wor­ry for his reputation.

Do you under­stand that I have many ene­mies?” he thun­dered. “There is a fac­tion that is sworn to dri­ve me from my pul­pit. Do you under­stand that?”
Cruz, then a devot­ed ama­teur thes­pi­an, was play­ing the role of the Rev. Samuel Parris in “The Crucible,” Arthur Miller’s alle­gor­i­cal play about McCarthyism.

The lines — and the part — seem prophet­ic today.

In the US Senate, the Tea Party Republican from Texas has con­tin­ued to seek out a spot at cen­ter stage. His ene­mies — and he has many, includ­ing some in his own par­ty — char­ac­ter­ize him as pow­er-hun­gry, self-right­eous, dri­ven by sin­gle-mind­ed polit­i­cal piety. He even mount­ed what detrac­tors called a ground­less witch hunt, against the pres­i­den­tial nom­i­nee for sec­re­tary of defense.

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Where Ted Cruz stands on key issues
Cruz hopes to ener­gize the evan­gel­i­cal wing of the GOP and sup­ple­ment his already strong sup­port among tea par­ty and grass­roots conservatives.
Video: Cruz act­ing in ‘The Crucible’

None of which, to his for­mer Harvard Law class­mates, is surprising.

Interviews with more than two dozen alum­nae and pro­fes­sors fill in a por­trait of Cruz, in Cambridge two decades ago, that would be ful­ly rec­og­niz­able to those who know him now in Washington. He made a last­ing impres­sion as some­one both arro­gant and pre­ten­tious, as well as some­one unwill­ing to yield or compromise.

But he was also uni­ver­sal­ly respect­ed for his intel­lect, described by friend and foe alike as bril­liant but with a hard edge.

He nev­er real­ly had an off switch with his debater’s demeanor,” said Ted Ruger, who was pres­i­dent of the Harvard Law Review dur­ing Cruz’s third year. “We just real­ized that was the way a dis­cus­sion with Ted was going to go. If you expect­ed some­thing dif­fer­ent, you came away shak­ing your head.”

Some two decades lat­er, Cruz has deft­ly tapped into a rebel­lious, angry strain in American con­ser­vatism and emerged as a leader in the Tea Party move­ment. He was a pri­ma­ry force behind last month’s gov­ern­ment shut­down, and has been men­tioned as a pos­si­ble 2016 pres­i­den­tial candidate.

The man who prod­ded his col­leagues on the Harvard Law Review is now the one draw­ing the ire of his Senate col­leagues. He remains more noto­ri­ous than popular.

Looking back, Cruz said those three years at Harvard Law School, from 1992 to 1995, sharp­ened his polit­i­cal vision and trained him for the intense spar­ring with lib­er­als that has become his sig­na­ture style as a nation­al politician.

But he also said he has mel­lowed since then.

I sus­pect I was not the first 21-year-old who thought he knew more than he did,’’ Cruz said in an inter­view in his Senate office. “And one of the virtues of age, one of the virtues of get­ting mar­ried and becom­ing a father, is it often leads one to take a more mea­sured approach to life.”

Born in Canada

Ted Cruz arrived in Cambridge as an outsider.

He was born in Alberta, Canada. His father fled per­se­cu­tion in Cuba, even­tu­al­ly set­tling in Austin, Texas, where he learned English and earned a col­lege degree.

After grow­ing up in the Houston area, Cruz stud­ied pub­lic pol­i­cy at Princeton, where he devel­oped a rep­u­ta­tion as a quick-wit­ted nation­al debate cham­pi­on. His near-per­fect score on the LSAT helped him ful­fill a dream of going to Harvard Law School.

It was a long way from Texas. Cruz’s father called it “mis­sion­ary work,” a place that would allow his con­ser­v­a­tive son to preach to the lib­er­al élite. And Cruz’s stri­dent views stood out as much as the cow­boy boots he wore to class, or the large Texas flag in his dorm room.

Going to school on a cam­pus where the fac­ul­ty over­whelm­ing­ly dis­agrees with you, and where the stu­dent body over­whelm­ing­ly dis­agrees with you, is chal­leng­ing,” Cruz said. “If you go in with­out a firm foun­da­tion, it can under­mine what you believe.”

Cruz enrolled in 1992, a year after President Obama left and just as Elizabeth Warren began teach­ing as a vis­it­ing pro­fes­sor (she nev­er taught him). He imme­di­ate­ly stood out aca­d­e­m­i­cal­ly, even in a class of 560 of the country’s bright­est students.

He came in with his right hand raised and basi­cal­ly kept it raised the entire semes­ter,” said Alan Dershowitz, who taught Cruz in a first-year crim­i­nal law class. “Every year you see two or three stu­dents who you know are nat­ur­al lead­ers. Everybody saw that with Barack Obama … Everybody saw that with Elena Kagan. There are stu­dents who come in with charis­mat­ic qual­i­ties who oth­er peo­ple fol­low. He was one of them.”

While talk­a­tive and out­go­ing, he struck some class­mates as naked­ly ambitious.

As they were enter­ing their sec­ond year in law school, Melissa Hart agreed to give Cruz a ride from New York, where Cruz was at the end of the sum­mer, back to Cambridge. She didn’t know him well, but he sought her out after she had been giv­en a pres­ti­gious award for first-year students.

We hadn’t left Manhattan before he asked my IQ,” Hart said. “When I told him I didn’t know, he asked, ‘Well, what’s your SAT score? That’s close­ly coör­di­nat­ed with your IQ.’ ”

It went from, ‘Nice guy,’ ” she said, “to ‘uh-oh.’ ”

A for­mer room­mate told the mag­a­zine GQ recent­ly that Cruz pre­ferred to study only with grad­u­ates of Harvard, Princeton, or Yale, dis­miss­ing the rest as “the minor Ivies.”

It’s com­plete non­sense,” Cruz said. “It’s sim­ply not true.”

The five-mem­ber study group includ­ed one mem­ber, Jeff Hinck, who attend­ed Northwestern.

Law Review post

Cruz lived in Hastings Hall, a six-sto­ry brown­stone behind wrought-iron gates. The Hemenway Gymnasium, where he played intra­mur­al bas­ket­ball and vol­ley­ball, was 40 steps away; Gannett House, which housed the Harvard Law Review, was 70 more.

Occasionally he would ven­ture into Harvard Square for Mexican food or a movie. He avoid­ed Boston, although one class­mate recalls Cruz being the only one will­ing to shell out mon­ey to see Michael Jordan in the Boston Garden in his sec­ond game back from his brief base­ball career (Cruz can still recount the box score).

In his sec­ond year, Cruz joined the Law Review and became a prin­ci­pal edi­tor. He was also a found­ing edi­tor of the Harvard Latino Law Review (where he is list­ed as “Rafael E. Cruz”) and joined the con­ser­v­a­tive Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy (“R. Ted Cruz”).

Cruz focused pri­mar­i­ly on his stud­ies, and the law jour­nals. But he stayed up late play­ing marathon ses­sions of “Super Mario Brothers” on the Nintendo, or cards. If the game was hearts, his sig­na­ture move was to “shoot the moon,” the game’s riski­est, showiest, and most aggres­sive maneuver.

It’s hard to exe­cute,” said Charles Morse, a law school friend. “Ted was fond of that.”

If the game was pok­er, he put all his chips on the table.

He would go all in some­times … and you’d nev­er know if he’s bluff­ing,” said Alexander Acosta, anoth­er friend. “He’s some­one who’s will­ing to take risks.”

He also enjoyed antag­o­niz­ing lib­er­al class­mates. Late nights at the Law Review were the scene of fierce debates. Cruz’s beliefs are no dif­fer­ent now, and when it came to tax­a­tion class­mates recall him argu­ing that the gov­ern­ment was steal­ing mon­ey from the rich and giv­ing it to the poor.

Some top­ic would come up and it was a free for all,” said Dean Newton, a fel­low con­ser­v­a­tive on the Law Review. “All you’d have to do is say some­thing remote­ly con­ser­v­a­tive and it would catch people’s hair on fire. It was fun to goad them.”

Poking at turtles

Newton com­pared the spar­ring he and Cruz would engage in with Harvard lib­er­als to pok­ing at snap­ping tur­tles stuck at the bot­tom of a barrel.

It didn’t take much of a stick,” he said. “And they would imme­di­ate­ly snap.”

But with Cruz, those argu­ments became heat­ed. It wasn’t just the sub­stance, but how Cruz pre­sent­ed his case. To his adver­saries, he was relent­less. To his allies, he was misunderstood.

Some peo­ple think his lan­guage is hard,” said David Panton, Cruz’s long­time best friend, and his room­mate their first year at Harvard Law School.“But he’s a lit­i­ga­tor. He has strong views and he makes his points clear­ly and empathically.”

Ted Cruz was, and in many ways still is, an actor.

In high school, he says, he con­sid­ered drop­ping out and mov­ing to California to pur­sue an act­ing career. His par­ents talked him out of it.

Shortly after he got to Harvard, he audi­tioned for “The Crucible,” which the law school dra­ma soci­ety was stag­ing to mark the 300th anniver­sary of the Salem witch trials.

Miller’s play was writ­ten dur­ing Senator Joseph Mc-
Carthy’s Communist witch hunt in the 1950s. Since becom­ing a sen­a­tor, Cruz’s crit­ics have likened him to McCarthy for sug­gest­ing, with­out evi­dence, that Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel might have accept­ed mon­ey from extreme or rad­i­cal groups. The com­ment drew a rebuke from Senator John McCain, who lat­er called Cruz a “wacko bird.”

Cruz rejects com­par­isons of him­self to McCarthy, sug­gest­ing he is the one being judged.

It’s a tremen­dous play,” he said. “And it is obvi­ous­ly a les­son against jump­ing to con­clu­sions and being unfair­ly and harsh­ly judg­men­tal of oth­ers. That is a les­son I wish a lot more in Washington would take heed of.”

To the play’s cast mem­bers, “The Crucible” is mem­o­rable for anoth­er reason.

After the suc­cess­ful first per­for­mance, Cruz spent the cast par­ty imbib­ing so much Everclear — a pow­er­ful grain alco­hol — that he couldn’t make it through the next night’s per­for­mance. His fel­low actors had to coax him into going onstage, but by Act III his con­di­tion worsened.

A video of the per­for­mance shows him sit­ting on a bench onstage, his head buried in his hands for near­ly five min­utes straight. After meek­ly deliv­er­ing a line, he walked off stage in the mid­dle of the scene, forc­ing cast mem­bers to impro­vise around the depar­ture of a lead char­ac­ter. He didn’t return for the remain­der of the play.

I was not feel­ing well, which was unfor­tu­nate,” Cruz said, tak­ing a philo­soph­i­cal view of the expe­ri­ence. “The young are not renowned for their wis­dom. And that’s cer­tain­ly not a prin­ci­ple from which I was exempt.”

Asked if he’d had a sip of Everclear since, he replied, “I doubt it.”

It was a rare dis­play of weak­ness for some­one who oth­er­wise seemed deter­mined to succeed.

From the moment Cruz stepped onto the Harvard cam­pus, he was intent on win­ning a clerk­ship with Supreme Court Chief Justice William Rehnquist, a fast track to con­ser­v­a­tive legal prominence.

From day one … that was his tan­gi­ble, near-term goal,” said Jeff Hinck, a study partner.

Cruz was so dri­ven to secure a clerk­ship that he resolved to learn ten­nis, since Rehnquist, an avid play­er, was known to orga­nize week­ly match­es with his clerks.

When he final­ly got an audi­ence with Rehnquist and was asked if he was will­ing to play, Cruz, while allow­ing that he was “not very good,” eager­ly agreed.

He got the job, but paid a price.

What he didn’t real­ize until lat­er was that ‘not very good’ was an incred­i­ble boast,” Cruz said. “I was so hor­rif­i­cal­ly bad at tennis.”

Looking beyond campus

At Harvard Law, Cruz was a mem­ber of a small band of con­ser­v­a­tives whose pol­i­tics were out of step with most of their peers. But beyond cam­pus, con­ser­vatism was a gath­er­ing force.

As the 1994 elec­tions approached, with Newt Gingrich lead­ing the charge, Cruz and his friends threw a “Republicans Take Back the House Party,” in Hastings Hall. When Republicans tri­umphed, the cam­pus con­ser­v­a­tives erupt­ed in cheers — antag­o­niz­ing Harvard’s lib­er­als with their rau­cous celebration.

I walked in and there were peo­ple going crazy,” said Matt Bodie, one of Cruz’s lib­er­al class­mates. “I said, ‘Oh I got­ta get out of here.’ But there were some very hap­py conservatives.”

By the time he left Cambridge, the right wing in American pol­i­tics was ascen­dant and Cruz, with his new­ly mint­ed Harvard Law degree, was one of its bright­est young stars.

Shortly after grad­u­at­ing magna cum laude, he took out a loan and bought his moth­er a new Saab con­vert­ible for her birth­day. Then he embarked on the series of pres­ti­gious clerk­ships that plant­ed the seeds for his polit­i­cal career.

Inside his Senate office, on a shelf with some of his writ­ings in Harvard law jour­nals, he keeps a base­ball cap that has the words “WACKO BIRD” on it, memo­ri­al­iz­ing the term McCain gave him.

As Cruz leaned back in his chair, nurs­ing a cold fol­low­ing a week­end trip test­ing the pres­i­den­tial waters in Iowa, he reflect­ed on the lessons he took from Harvard Law School. And that man who has so roiled the Republican Party, and upset Washington for his demeanor and his tac­tics, said there need­ed to be more civility.

There is a depress­ing ten­den­cy in mod­ern polit­i­cal life to dis­par­age those who dis­agree with you as either stu­pid or evil,” he said. “’They’re either too dumb to know the right answer or, even worse, they’re smart enough and yet they wish suf­fer­ing on oth­ers and are just down­right evil.’ The truth of the mat­ter, most peo­ple are neither.”
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